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PRWP

Reproducibility package for Women at Work: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Urban Djibouti

2024
Get Reproducibility Package
Reference ID
RR_DJI_2024_159
DOI
https://doi.org/10.60572/f9xe-8j54
Author(s)
Florencia Devoto, Emanuela Galasso, Stefanie Brodmann, Kathleen Beegle
Collections
World Bank Policy Research Working Papers
Metadata
JSON
Created on
Oct 07, 2024
Last modified
Oct 07, 2024
  • Overview
  • Reproducibility Package
  • Description
  • Scope and coverage
  • Disclaimer
  • Access and rights
  • Contacts
  • Information on metadata
  • Citation

    • Overview

    Abstract

    In some developing countries, women’s labor force participation remains persistently low. This gives rise to questions regarding what types of employment opportunities or interventions can draw women into work in such contexts. In this study in urban Djibouti, with restrictive gender norms and very low female employment rates, women were randomly offered the opportunity to be employed in a public works program designed specifically to facilitate their participation. Program take-up is very high, and most participants do not delegate their work opportunity to another adult. However, in the medium term after the program ends, women who receive the temporary employment offer revert back to non participation in the labor market. These results suggest that while social norms can be a deterrent to women’s work in settings with very low employment rates, women will participate in work opportunities when they are offered and suitable.

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    Get Reproducibility Package
    Title
    Reproducibility package (partial data and code) for Women at Work: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Urban Djibouti
    Date
    2024-08
    Dependencies
    All dependencies are stored in the ado folder (Stata) and the renv.lock (R).
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Name
    Stata
    Version
    18 MP
    Name
    R
    Version
    4.3.2

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 10 Enterprise
    • Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz, 2900 Mhz, 16 Core(s), 16 Logical Processor(s)
    • Memory available: 147 GB
    • Software version: Stata 18 MP, R 4.3.2
    Technology requirements

    Stata: ~10 minutes runtime
    R: ~17 hours runtime
    Reproduction instructions

    Before running the code, the user must obtain access to the public data, which is not included in the package, and request access to the restricted data by following the link provided in the "Data Entry" section. Once the data has been obtained, it should be placed in the appropriate folder.
    The code consists of two portions:

    1. Run the Stata Portion
    • Change the path in line 7 of the .do file to reflect your directory.
    • Run the main .do file.
    • Copy the following data generated by Stata:
      • Stata/data_analysis/midline_analysis.dta
      • Stata/data_analysis/endline_analysis.dta
    • Place these files into the R/data folder.
    1. Run the R Portion
    • Open the R project.
    • Recover the environment by running renv::restore() and follow the prompts.
    • Edit line #100 of main.R to specify which heterogeneity analysis you are running:
      • For midline heterogeneity, set: name_of_experiment = 'DjiboutiMidline'
      • For endline heterogeneity, set: name_of_experiment = 'DjiboutiEndline'
    • Run the main.R file.
    • Optional: You can decide wether to re-run all ML estimations by setting the parameter in line 171.
      • If set to TRUE, it will take around 17 hours to run.
      • If set to FALSE, it will take approximately 1 hour.

    Data

    Datasets
    Name
    Social Safety Net Interlinking Nutrition and Workfare Impact Evaluation 2014, Baseline Survey
    Note
    Source: World Bank. Located at: data_original/dji_basline.dta To reproduce the results, follow the link below, download the data, and place it in the data_original folder with the name dji_baseline.dta.
    Access policy
    Public, but does not allow republication
    Data URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/2227/get-microdata
    Name
    Social Safety Net Interlinking Nutrition and Workfare Impact Evaluation 2014-2015, Midline Survey
    Note
    Source: World Bank. Located at: data_original/dji_midline.dta To reproduce the results, follow the link below, download the data, and place it in the data_original folder with the name dji_midline.dta.
    Access policy
    Public, but does not allow republication
    Data URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/5791
    Name
    Social Safety Net Interlinking Nutrition and Workfare Impact Evaluation 2015-2016, Endline Survey
    Note
    Source: World Bank. Located at: data_original/dji_endline.dta To reproduce the results, follow the link below, download the data, and place it in the data_original folder with the name dji_endline.dta.
    Access policy
    Public, but does not allow republication
    Data URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/5790
    Name
    Intervention Sites Data
    Note
    Source: Auxiliary dataset constructed by the team. Located at: data_original/designdata.dta. These data contains information on sample household’s stratification assignment, based on nutritional session assignment, public works sites and treatment/control status.
    Access policy
    Published with the package
    Name
    Proxy Means Test for Sample Households
    Note
    Source: Auxiliary dataset constructed by the team. Located at: data_original/pmt.dta. This dataset contains the computed Proxy Means Test (PMT) score, which assesses household wealth based on various household traits. The formula and weights used for the PMT are proprietary to the Social Protection Program of the Government of Djibouti.
    Access policy
    Published with the package
    Name
    Djibouti Household Survey 2017
    Note
    Source: Enquête Djiboutienne Auprès des Ménages pour les Indicateurs Sociaux (EDAM) 2017. Located at: data_original/EDAM2017_Section_01-04_PUF.dta. To access this data, users need to create an account on the World Bank Microdata Library and submit a request to access the licensed files. Once access is granted, users should download the files, name them appropriately, and place them in the correct folder within the project directory.
    Access policy
    Restricted and not included in the package
    License
    Licensed files
    License URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/terms-of-use#licensed
    Data URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/3463
    Data statement

    Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.

    Description

    Output
    Type
    Working Paper
    Title
    Women at Work: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Urban Djibouti
    Authors
    Florencia Devoto, Emanuela Galasso, Kathleen Beegle, and Stefanie Brodmann
    Description
    Policy Research Working Paper (PRWP)
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Florencia Devoto University Mohammed VI Polytechnic fdevoto@povertyactionlab.org
    Emanuela Galasso World Bank egalasso@worldbank.org
    Stefanie Brodmann World Bank sbrodmann@worldbank.org
    Kathleen Beegle World Bank kbeegle@worldbank.org
    Date of production

    2024-06

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    Djibouti DJI
    Keywords
    Labor Public Works Gender
    Topics
    ID Topic Parent topic ID Vocabulary Vocabulary URI
    C93 Field Experiments C9 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    H53 Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs H5 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    I38 Government Policy • Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs I3 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    J16 Economics of Gender • Non-labor Discrimination J1 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    J22 Time Allocation and Labor Supply J2 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    O12 Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development O1 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    Modified BSD3 https://opensource.org/license/bsd-3-clause/

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Emanuela Galasso World Bank egalasso@worldbank.org
    Kathleen Beegle World Bank kbeegle@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DIME World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2024-06-24
    Document version

    1

    Citation

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