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Reproducibility package for Innovative Environmental And Climate Provisions In Preferential Trade Agreements

2025
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Reference ID
RR_WLD_2025_392
DOI
https://doi.org/10.60572/67vx-w191
Author(s)
Alvaro Raul Espitia Rueda, Nadia Patrizia Rocha, Colette van der Ven
Collections
World Bank Policy Research Working Papers
Metadata
JSON
Created on
Jul 15, 2025
Last modified
Jul 15, 2025
  • Overview
  • Reproducibility Package
  • Description
  • Scope and coverage
  • Disclaimer
  • Access and rights
  • Contacts
  • Information on metadata
  • Citation

    • Overview

    Abstract

    Trade policy can play a critical role in supporting the green transition and delivering on countries’ climate commitments. Based on the World Bank’s Deep Trade Agreement database, this working paper provides an overview of trends and patterns in environmental provisions in Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) since their first inclusion in the 1990s. While there is a clear trend towards deeper environmental provisions in PTAs, this trend is less visible in PTAs between countries in the Global South. This working paper further identifies best practices in environmental provisions in PTAs, highlighting PTAs with innovative environmental provisions, focusing on tariff preferences for environmental goods and services, voluntary labelling standards, renewable energy and environmental goods, disciplining fossil fuel subsidies, and forest governance.

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    Get Reproducibility Package
    Title
    Reproducibility package for Innovative Environmental And Climate Provisions In Preferential Trade Agreements
    Date
    2025-07
    Dependencies
    The reproducibility package does not use external dependencies.
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Name
    Stata
    Version
    18 MP
    Name
    Excel

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
    • Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ 2.80 GHz (4 processors)
    • Memory available: 32.0 GB
    • Software version: Stata 18.0 MP
    Technology requirements

    ~ 20 minutes
    Reproduction instructions
    1. Open the do-file "01_Support_Figures".
    2. Update the globals in line 30 to your folder's location and run the do-file.

    Since the final results were prepared in Excel using data exported via code, the original outputs provided by the authors are saved in the folder Output/authors_results.

    Data

    Datasets
    Name
    Deep Trade Agreements database 1.0
    Note
    Source: Deep Trade Agreements database 1.0 (horizontal depth) - Hofmann Claudia, Alberto Osnago and Michele Ruta, (2017). "Horizontal Depth: A New Database on the Content of Preferential Trade Agreements". Policy Research working paper; no. WPS 7981. Washington, D.C: World Bank Group. To access the dataset, visit the link under Data URL, and download the file titled "Deep Trade Agreements Database 1.0 (Horizontal Content)". Location: Data/WB DTA Database 2.0/DTA 1.0 - Horizontal Content (v2).xlsx
    Access policy
    Publicly available and included in the package.
    Data URL
    https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0065624/Content-Of-Deep-Trade-Agreements--Version-2-
    Name
    Deep Trade Agreements database 2.0
    Note
    Source: Deep Trade Agreements database 2.0 (vertical depth) - Mattoo, Aaditya; Rocha, Nadia; Ruta, Michele. 2020. Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements. Washington, DC: World Bank. To access the dataset, visit the link under Data URL, and download the file titled "Deep Trade Agreements Database 2.0 (Vertical Content)". Location: Data/WB DTA Database 2.0/DTA 2.0 - Vertical Content (v2).xlsx
    Access policy
    Publicly available and included in the package.
    Data URL
    https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0065624/Content-Of-Deep-Trade-Agreements--Version-2-
    Name
    World Bank Country and Lending Groups
    Note
    Source: World Bank Group Country and Lending Groups. Washington, DC: World Bank. Location: Data/Concordances/WBG_IncomeClassification_FY24.xlsx
    Access policy
    Publicly available and included in the package.
    Data URL
    https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519
    Name
    Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) List of Environmental Goods
    Note
    Source: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Representatives Declaration, Annex C (9 Sept. 2012). Author extracted manually the list of products in Annex C. Location: Data/List of Green products/APEX.xlsx
    Access policy
    Publicly available and included in the package.
    Data URL
    https://www.apec.org/meeting-papers/leaders-declarations/2012/2012_aelm/2012_aelm_annexc
    Name
    CEPII BACI Database 202401b version HS07
    Note
    Source: Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010) BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level. The 1994-2007 Version. CEPII Working Paper, N°2010-23. Location: Data/Trade/BACI_HS07_V202401b; Data/Concordances/country_codes_V202401b.csv
    Access policy
    Publicly available and included in the package.
    License URL
    https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf
    Data URL
    https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/legacy/202401b/BACI_HS07_V202401b.zip
    Data statement

    All data sources are publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.

    Description

    Output
    Type
    Working Paper
    Title
    Innovative Environmental And Climate Provisions In Preferential Trade Agreements
    Description
    Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Alvaro Raul Espitia Rueda World Bank aespitiarueda@worldbank.org
    Nadia Patrizia Rocha Inter-American Development Bank NADIARO@IADB.ORG
    Colette van der Ven Tulip Consulting cvanderven@tulipconsulting.ch
    Date of production

    2025-07-14

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    World WLD
    Keywords
    Trade And Environment Preferential Trade Agreements Green Transition Trade Policy
    Topics
    ID Topic Parent topic ID Vocabulary Vocabulary URI
    F18 Trade and Environment F1 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    F13 Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations F1 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    F15 Economic Integration F1 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    Q56 Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth Q5 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    Modified BSD3 https://opensource.org/license/bsd-3-clause/

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Alvaro Raul Espitia Rueda World Bank aespitiarueda@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DIME World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2025-07-14
    Document version

    1

    Citation

    Citation
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