{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DIME","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-05-05","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"PP_IND_2024_81","title":"Reproducibility package for Wealth, Marriage, and Sex Selection"},"production_date":"2025-05","abstract":"Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain sex selection in India: son preference in which parents desire a male heir and daughter aversion in which dowry payments make parents worse off with girls. Our model incorporates both mechanisms, providing micro-foundations, based on the organization of the marriage institution, for daughter aversion. Marital matching, sex selection, and dowries are jointly determined in the model, whose implications are tested on a representative sample of rural households. Simulations of the model indicate that existing policies targeting daughter aversion might exacerbate the problem, while identifying other policies that could be effective.","geographic_units":[{"name":"India","code":"IND","type":"Country"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Family Economics"},{"name":"Social Norms"},{"name":"Marriage Market"},{"name":"Sex Selection"},{"name":"Caste"},{"name":"Assortative Matching"},{"name":"Wealth Distribution"},{"name":"Inequality"},{"name":"Control Function"}],"topics":[{"uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","id":"J12","name":"Marriage \u2022 Marital Dissolution \u2022 Family Structure \u2022 Domestic Abuse","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","parent_id":"J1"},{"uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","id":"J16","name":"Economics of Gender \u2022 Non-labor Discrimination","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","parent_id":"J1"},{"uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","id":"D31","name":"Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","parent_id":"D3"},{"uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","id":"I3","name":"Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","parent_id":"I3"}],"output":[{"type":"Journal article","title":"Wealth, Marriage, and Sex Selection","authors":"Girija Borker, Jan Eeckhout, Nancy Luke, Shantidani Minz, Kaivan Munshi, Soumya Swaminathan","doi":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1257\/app.20220361","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/articles?id=10.1257\/app.20220361"}],"datasets":[{"name":"South India Community Health Study (SICHS)","note":"Source: The World Bank Microdata Library\n\nNotes:\nThe datasets available on the Microdata Library differ slightly from those used by the reproducibility team during verification, as the public versions exclude variables containing personally identifiable information (PII). As a result, some code files may not run in full. Specifically, the following do-files are affected:\n\ncode\/stata\/subcode\/1_1_ind_cleaning_akhil.do; \ncode\/stata\/7_bootstrap_breg_ar.do; \ncode\/stata\/15_marriage_analysis_ar1.do.\n\nAll datasets listed below are available on the Microdata Library. Datasets marked with an asterisk (*) differ from those used in the verification process due to the exclusion of PII variables:\n(1) Located at data\/raw\/FPR. File names: FPR_SEC_C_P1, FPR_SEC_E_P2. \n(2) Located at data\/raw\/MPR. File names: MPR_SEC_A_edit, MPR_SEC_A_PGI, MPR_SEC_E_comb, MPR_SEC_E_P2, MPR_SEC_S_comb. \n(3) Located at *data\/raw\/ROSTER. File names: HOUSEROSTER_P2, HOUSEROSTER_P2_edit, HOUSEROSTER_P2forE3_edit, HOUSEROSTER_P2forE10_edit. \n(4) Located at data\/raw\/SPO. File name: SPO_SEC_B. \n(5) Located at *data\/raw\/2017-11-23_married_couples_pred_income_1871.dta. \n(6) Located at *data\/raw\/2017-12-07-Dowry_income.dta. \n(7) Located at *data\/raw\/CompleteData_Rough_10Oct2015.dta. \n","uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/6652\/study-description#doc_desc.title_statement","access_type":"The datasets are available as licensed files.","license_uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/index.php\/terms-of-use"},{"name":"Madras District Village Census, 1871 (North Arcot, South Arcot, Chingleput, Salem)","note":"Source: Data compiled by the authors in 2013 using the books listed below, accessed at the British Library in London.\nBooks: Madras Districts: Census statement of population of 1871 in each village of the North Arcot District arranged according to area, caste and occupation. Madras: Foster Press, 1874. Pages: 1 \u2013 492; Madras Districts: Census statement of population of 1871 in each village of the South Arcot District arranged according to area, caste and occupation. Madras: Adelphi Press, 1874. Pages: 1 \u2013 269; Madras Districts: Census statement of population of 1871 in each village of the Chingleput District arranged according to area, caste and occupation. Madras: Scottish Press, 1874. Pages: 1-199; Madras Districts: Census statement of population of 1871 in each village of the Salem District arranged according to area, caste and occupation. Madras: Lawrence Asylum Press, 1874. Pages: 1 \u2013 432.\n\nLocated at: data\/raw\nFile names: Arcot_area.csv, Arcot_caste.csv, Arcot_occupation.csv, Master_v1.csv, Predicted1871IncomeForSICHS.dta, TamilNadu-Habitations_Original.dta, Tirupattu_area.csv, Tirupattur_caste.csv, Tirupattur_occupation.csv, Wallajah_area.csv, Wallajah_caste.csv, Wallajah_occupation.csv ","access_type":"The data is not included in the reproducibility package, and no formal access procedure is documented. As the data was compiled directly from physical materials at the British Library, it cannot be redistributed."},{"note":"Source: Data accessed from Indiastat.com\nNotes: The table \"Age-Group Wise Percentage of Population by Sex and Marital Status (Rural and Urban)\" was downloaded for Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu for the year 2011, and additionally for Karnataka for 2018. For India, the following tables were used: State-wise Total Population by Residence and Sex (2011 Census); Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) by Different Age Groups (in per 1000 persons) and Sex in Rural India (2009\u20132010); State-wise Religious Population by Residence; State-wise Child Sex Ratio (Age Group 0\u20136 Years) by Residence; State-wise Sex Ratio (Female per 1000 Males); State-wise Literacy Rate by Residence and Sex.\n\nLocated at: data\/raw\nFile name: tableA1_S1_TN_SICHS comparison.xlsx","name":"Demographic and Socioeconomic Indicators \u2013 South India","access_type":"The data is not included in the package. It can be accessed by obtaining a paid subscription to Indiastat and following the access instructions provided in the README."},{"name":"Unweighted Random Samples of 12 Caste Identifiers","note":"Source: Data complied by the authors. \nNotes: Instructions to create the dataset are included in the README.\n\nLocated at: data\/raw\nFile name: unweighted_samples_12_castes.csv","access_type":"Included in the package."},{"name":"Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)","note":"Source: India: Standard DHS, 2005\u201306  Dataset; India: Standard DHS, 2015\u201316  Dataset.\nNotes: To download the datasets, please register on the website, request access to the India data, and download the Individual Recode Stata datasets for 2005\u201306 and 2015\u201316.\n\nLocated at: data\/raw\nFile names: IAIR52FL.dta and IAIR74FL.dta","license_uri":"https:\/\/dhsprogram.com\/data\/Terms-of-Use.cfm","access_type":"The dataset is not included in the package. Currently, the data cannot be accessed, as new user registration on The DHS Program website is temporarily unavailable due to an ongoing review of U.S. foreign assistance programs."}],"software":[{"library":["",""],"name":"Matlab","version":"2024b"},{"name":"Stata","version":"18 MP"}],"scripts":[{"file_name":"PP_IND_2024_81-v2","zip_package":"PP_IND_2024_81-v2.zip","title":"Reproducibility package for Wealth, Marriage, and Sex Selection","date":"2025-04","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder.\nMatlab: global optimization toolbox","instructions":"See README in the reproducibility package.","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by the Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank."}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced in two computers with the following specifications:\n\nMatlab code:\n- OS: Windows 10 Enterprise\n- Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6132 CPU @ 2.60GHz, 2600 Mhz, 16 Core(s), 16 Logical Processor(s)\n- Memory available: 128 GB\n- Software version: Matlab 2024b\n\n\nStata code:\n- OS: Windows Server 2019 Standard\n- Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E7-4850 v4 @ 2.10GHz 2.10GHz (16 processors)\n- Memory available: 64 GB\n- Software version: Stata 18.0 MP\n","technology_requirements":"Runtime: 3 weeks","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Girija Borker","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"gborker@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WB","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Girija Borker","affiliation":"World Bank and IZA","email":"gborker@workdbank.org"},{"name":"Jan Eeckhout","affiliation":"UPF Barcelona (ICREA-BSE-CREi)","email":" jan.eeckhout@upf.edu"},{"name":"Nancy Luke","affiliation":"Pennsylvania State University","email":"nkl10@psu.edu"},{"name":"Shantidani Minz","affiliation":"Christian Medical College, Vellore","email":"shantidanim@cmcvellore.ac.in"},{"name":"Kaivan Munshi","affiliation":"Yale University and Toulouse School of Economics","email":"kaivan.munshi@yale.edu"},{"name":"Soumya Swaminathan","affiliation":"World Health Organization","email":"swaminathans@who.int"}],"identifiers":[{"type":"DOI","identifier":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.60572\/v977-sw59"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","reproduction_instructions":"1. **Secure Access to Data:** Download the datasets not included in the package. Some data required for replication is not publicly available and needs to be purchased.  See subsection Datasets and the README for more details\n2. **Download and Place Data:** Once the data is downloaded, users should place it in the appropriate folder.\n3. **Run the Package:** After placing the data in the folder:\n      - Update the directory in the scripts 1_master, 2_master, and 3_master.\n      - Run the code in the order specified in the README.\n \nSince all the data is not included, the package includes the results produced by replicators in the Results folder. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper."},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}