{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DIME","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2024-04-04","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Valentina Costa","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"vcosta@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Ivette Contreras","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"icontreras@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Amparo Palacios-Lopez","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"apalacioslopez@worldbank.org"}],"output":[{"type":"Working paper","title":"Never Too Young to Dream Big: Measuring youth aspirations in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic","description":"Policy Research Working Paper (PRWP) WPS10816","doi":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1596\/1813-9450-10816","uri":"http:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/099526406242424699"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey 2018-2019","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/k739-c548","note":"The Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey (ESS) is a collaborative project between the Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia (CSA) and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) team. The objective of the LSMS-ISA is to collect multi-topic, household-level panel data with a special focus on improving agriculture statistics and generating a clearer understanding of the link between agriculture and other sectors of the economy. The project also aims to build capacity, share knowledge across countries, and improve survey methodologies and technology.\nData files used: cons_agg_w4.dta, sect_cover_hh_w4.dta, sect1_hh_w4.dta, sect2_hh_w4.dta, sect4_hh_w4.dta","access_type":"Dataset is public but not included in the package. Data can be downloaded in the data URL."},{"name":"Malawi Integrated Household Panel Survey 2010-2013-2016-2019 (Long-Term Panel)","note":"The Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS) was launched in April 2016 as part of the Malawi Fourth Integrated Household Survey fieldwork operation. The IHPS contains individual-disaggregated household survey data on 1) ownership of and rights to selected physical and financial assets, 2) work and employment, and 3) entrepreneurship.\nData files used: hh_mod_a_filt_19.dta, hh_mod_b_19.dta, hh_mod_c_19.dta, hh_mod_e_19.dta","access_type":"Dataset is public but not included in the package. Data can be downloaded in the data URL.","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/q5q1-2a34"},{"name":"Malawi Integrated Household Panel Survey 2010-2013 (Short-Term Panel)","note":"The Integrated Household Survey (IHS) is one of the primary instruments implemented by the Government of Malawi through the National Statistical Office (NSO) roughly every 5 years to monitor and evaluate the changing conditions of Malawian households. The IHS data have, among other insights, provided benchmark poverty and vulnerability indicators to foster evidence-based policy formulation.\nData files used: Round 2 (2013) Consumption Aggregate.dta"},{"name":"Nigeria General Household Survey, Panel 2018-2019, Wave 4","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/1hgw-dq47","access_type":"Dataset is public but not included in the package. Data can be downloaded in the data URL.","note":"The General Household Survey-Panel (GHS-Panel) is implemented in collaboration with the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) team as part of the Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (ISA) program. The objectives of the GHS-Panel include the development of an innovative model for collecting agricultural data, interinstitutional collaboration, and comprehensive analysis of welfare indicators and socio-economic characteristics. The GHS-Panel is a nationally representative survey of approximately 5,000 households, which are also representative of the six geopolitical zones.\nData files used: sect1_harvestw4.dta, sect1_plantingw4.dta, sect2_harvestw4.dta, sect3_plantingw4.dta, sect3a_harvestw4.dta, secta_harvestw4.dta, secta_plantingw4.dta, totcons_final.dta"},{"name":"Ethiopia High Frequency Phone Survey 2020-2023","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/apmn-jq08","access_type":"Dataset is public but not included in the package. Data can be downloaded in the data URL.","note":"Ethiopia HFPS data covers knowledge of COVID and mitigation measures, access to routine healthcare, access to educational activities during school closures, employment dynamics, household income and livelihood, income loss and coping strategies, and external assistance.\nData files used: r1_wb_lsms_hfpm_hh_survey_public_microdata.dta, r12_wb_lsms_hfpm_hh_survey_public_microdata.dta, wb_lsms_hfpm_hh_survey_roster_round12_clean_public.dta"},{"name":"Malawi High-Frequency Phone Survey 2020-2024","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/e42j-0t37","access_type":"Dataset is public but not included in the package. Data can be downloaded in the data URL.","note":"The Malawi High-Frequency Phone Survey (HFPS) is implemented by the National Statistical Office (NSO). The survey is part of a World Bank-supported global effort to support countries in their data collection efforts to monitor the impacts of COVID-19. The objective of HFPS is for routine monitoring and understanding the impacts of shocks including the COVID-19 pandemic.\nData files used: asset_index_panel_2019.dta, sect2_Household_Roster_r10.dta, sect5f_Aspirations_r10.dta, sect6c_otherincome_r5.dta, secta_Cover_Page_r10.dta"},{"name":"Nigeria COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey 2020-2021","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/xeym-xv94","access_type":"Dataset is public but not included in the package. Data can be downloaded in the data URL.","note":"The objective of Nigeria COVID-19 NLPS is to monitor the socio-economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Households were asked a set of core questions on the key channels through which individuals and households are expected to be affected by the COVID-19-related restrictions: food security, employment, access to basic services, coping strategies, and non-labour sources of income.\nData files: r1_sect_7.dta, r12_sect_2.dta, r12_sect_5e_9a.dta, r12_sect_a_12.dta"}],"software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"17"}],"scripts":[{"file_name":"RR_SSA_2024_95-v02","zip_package":"RR_SSA_2024_95-v02.zip","title":"Reproducibility package for Never Too Young to Dream Big:  Measuring youth aspirations in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic","date":"2024-04","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank.","dependencies":"estout, tabstatmat, outreg2. All dependency files are included in the folder Dofiles\/ado of the reproducibility package."}],"title_statement":{"idno":"RR_SSA_2024_95","title":"Reproducibility package for Never Too Young to Dream Big:  Measuring youth aspirations in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic"},"production_date":"2024-04","abstract":"This study explores the factors shaping the aspirations of youths in Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Malawi, specifically focusing on their academic goals, STEM (science, technology, engineering, or mathematics) career interests, and migration intentions. This study draws on a robust dataset comprising 2,725 youth respondents aged 15-25 years, collected through high-frequency phone surveys (HFPS) conducted as part of the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS). Exploring the aspirations of youths in Sub-Saharan Africa is crucial, particularly given that by 2050, half of the region's population is expected to be under 25 years old. Our findings highlight significant gender and age disparities across youths, with female youths aged 15-18 showing higher educational aspirations than their male peers. However, their aspirations decline and become lower than those of male youths when they reach 19-25 years old. Conversely, male youths aged 15-18 and 19-25 report higher career and migration aspirations than their female peers. Additionally, educational background emerges as a pivotal factor influencing aspirations. The analysis shows that youths without formal educational degrees are less inclined to aspire to higher educational, career aspirations or to migrate. Moreover, family and community role models, along with individual attitudes, may contribute to shaping the aspirations of youths in these three countries. In conclusion, building upon our findings, this paper formulates a comprehensive set of policy recommendations. These recommendations aim to align the skills and aspirations of youths with the prevailing labor market opportunities, ultimately working towards the reduction of youth unemployment and underemployment rates across these countries.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Ethiopia","code":"ETH"},{"name":"Nigeria","code":"NGA"},{"name":"Malawi","code":"MWI"}],"keywords":[{"name":"youth"},{"name":"aspirations"},{"name":"education"},{"name":"employment"},{"name":"migration"},{"name":"COVID-19"},{"name":"Sub-Saharan Africa"}],"data_statement":"All data used for this reproducibility package are public but not included in the reproducibility package. See dataset information or the README for data access.","repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 10 minutes","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on two computers with the following specifications:\n\u2013 Computer 1:\n* OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n* Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1145G7 CPU @ 2.60GHz\n* Memory available: 15.7 GB\n* Software version: Stata 18\n\u2013 Computer 2:\n* OS: Windows 10 Enterprise\n* Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6132 CPU @ 2.60GHz 2.60 GHz (2 processors)\n* Memory available: 128 GB\n* Software version: StataMP 18","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Valentina Costa","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"vcosta@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open code"},{"tag":"Open data"}],"schematype":"script"}