{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DIME","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2024-04-24","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Catherine Thomas","affiliation":"University of Michigan","email":"thomascc@umich.edu"},{"name":"Patrick Premand","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"ppremand@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Thomas Bossuroy","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"tbossuroy@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Soumaila Abdoulaye Sambo","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"leffnig@yahoo.fr"},{"name":"Hazel Markus","affiliation":"Groupe de Recherche, d'Etudes et d'Action pour le D\u00e9veloppement"},{"name":"Gregory Walton","affiliation":"Stanford University","email":"gwalton@stanford.edu"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Paper (PRWP) 10824","title":"Boosting Personal or Interpersonal Initiative?: How Culturally Wise Psychological Interventions Help Reduce Poverty in Niger","authors":"Catherine Thomas, Patrick Premand, Thomas Bossuroy, Soumaila Abdoulaye Sambo, Hazel Markus, Gregory Walton","uri":"http:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/099025506262410295\/IDU18c0fc4c619919149d8196051fa2f59845124","doi":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1596\/1813-9450-10824"}],"datasets":[{"access_type":"Data is temporarily embargoed by the authors (expected to be made public in the future).","name":"Descriptive Forecasting Data on Mental Models from a US sample","note":"The data was compiled by the authors for this paper. It includes descriptive data on mental models from a U.S. sample. The associated questionnaires, codebook, and data will be made available at a later date."},{"name":"Mechanism Experiment from Niger","note":"Source: Niger Safety Nets Unit and the World Bank\u2019s Sahel Adaptive Social Protection program over the\nperiod 2017-2022.\nFollow-up (Data\/niger_endline_final_2023.csv, niger_main_2017.csv)","access_type":"Data is not yet publicly available but is expected to be made available through the Microdata Library in the future.","uri":"Forthcoming at https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/"},{"uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/4294\/","license":"Public Use License","access_type":"Public but does not allow republication. Publicly accessible through the World Bank's Microdata Library.","note":"Source: World Bank. Accessed on October 2024. Located at: data\/baseline_NER_hh.csv, allrounds_NER_food.csv. Only transformation was to convert from dta to csv. ","name":"Adaptive Safety Nets Program 2017-2020, Baseline, Midline and Endline Impact Evaluation Surveys"}],"scripts":[{"file_name":"RR_NER_2024_126.zip","zip_package":"RR_NER_2024_126.zip","title":"Reproducibility package (code) for Boosting Personal or Interpersonal Initiative?: How Culturally Wise Psychological Interventions Help Reduce Poverty in Niger","date":"2024-04","dependencies":"All dependencies are stored in the renv environment in the reproducibility package","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank. A separate reproducibility package for the journal version is available and can be accessed here: https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/PP_NER_2025_405"}],"title_statement":{"idno":"RR_NER_2024_126","title":"[WORKING PAPER VERSION] Reproducibility package for Boosting Personal or Interpersonal Initiative?: How Culturally Wise Psychological Interventions Help Reduce Poverty in Niger"},"production_date":"2024-04","abstract":"[PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS REPRODUCIBILITY PACKAGE CORRESPONDS TO THE WORKING PAPER VERSION. THE JOURNAL VERSION IS AVAILABLE AT THIS LINK: https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/PP_NER_2025_405]\nPoverty is multi-dimensional, imposing not only financial constraints but also often social-psychological constraints such as diminished agency and aspirations. Through a series of field experiments, we assess the causal impacts of culturally wise interventions designed to build women\u2019s agency on poverty reduction efforts in Niger. We moreover assess the importance of tailoring such interventions to cultural context. In Study 1, we show descriptive evidence on the more interdependent model that agency takes in this cultural context, being grounded in social harmony, respect, and collective advancement, in comparison to a more independent model grounded in personal aspirations, self-direction, and self-advancement. In Study 2, we present a secondary analysis of a policy experiment on a multi-faceted poverty reduction program, in which we assess potential psychosocial mechanisms of community and group-level social-psychological interventions on economic outcomes. We find evidence of both relational processes (enhanced social influence and social capital) and intrapersonal processes (enhanced self-efficacy and optimistic future expectations). In Study 3, we present results from an individual-level mechanism experiment embedded in the larger policy experiment. Results show that tailoring agency-boosting interventions to cultural context, specifically Interpersonal Initiative interventions attuned to cultural interdependence, led to significant effects on economic outcomes as well as on intrapersonal and relational processes. By contrast, Personal Initiative interventions grounded in cultural independence, more common in Western contexts, showed impacts on intrapersonal processes but not on relational processes nor economic outcomes. Together, these results reveal how culturally wise interventions designed to build women\u2019s agency can contribute to efforts to combat extreme poverty.  ","geographic_units":[{"name":"Niger","code":"NER","type":"Country"}],"keywords":[{"name":"poverty"},{"name":"behavioral science"},{"name":" psychology"},{"name":"culture"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 10 Enterprise, version 21H2\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz, 16 Core(s)\n\u2022 Memory available: 109 GB\n\u2022 Software version: R 4.2","technology_requirements":"~1 hour runtime","reproduction_instructions":"1. **Secure Access to Data**:  The data required for replication is currently either embargoed or not yet publicly available. It is expected to be made public in the upcoming months.\n2. **Download and Place Data**:  Once the data is made public, users should download it and place it in the appropriate folder.\n3. **Run the Package**:  After placing the data in the folder:\n   - Open the R package.\n   - Recreate the environment by running `renv::restore()`.\n   - Run the script `NigerEnd_Tables_Final_April2024.Rmd`.\n- Since the data is not currently available, the package includes the `html` file, which contains the results produced by replicators. This file can be used to review the results presented in the published paper.","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","contacts":[{"name":"Patrick Premand","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"ppremand@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"data_statement":"Some data is temporarily embargoed by the authors and is expected to be made public at a later date.","software":[{"name":"R","version":"4.2"}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"}],"schematype":"script"}