{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DIME","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-04-15","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Jed Friedman","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"jfriedman@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Sreelakshmi Papineni","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"spapineni@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Markus Goldstein","affiliation":"Center for Global Development","email":"mgoldstein@cgdev.org"},{"name":"Paula Gonzalez","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"pgonzalezmartine@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Cash Is Queen: Local Economy Effects Of Cash Transfers To Women In West Africa","idno":"RR_NGA_2025_291"},"software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"StataNow 18.5 MP-Parallel Edition"},{"name":"R","version":"4.4.1"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Cash Is Queen: Local Economy Effects Of Cash Transfers To Women In West Africa","date":"2025-04","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_NGA_2025_291","zip_package":"RR_NGA_2025_291.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the folder \"Do files\/ado\". R dependencies are listed in the file \"R scripts\/renv.lock\"."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-04-15","abstract":"This paper examines the direct and spillover effects of cash transfers paid in a rural and low-income setting. In the short run, an unconditional cash transfer program for ultrapoor households in Northern Nigeria led to a 12 percentage point increase in microenterprise formation for program recipients. Moreover, benefits continued to increase in magnitude after program cessation and also extended to nearby non-beneficiary households when compared to counterparts in other villages where no cash transfers were paid. One year after program cessation, beneficiary women increased their enterprise ownership rate by 20 percentage points, while the rate for non-beneficiary women increased by 13 percentage points. Both groups of households enjoyed higher consumption and food security, and shifted away from husband-centered toward joint intrahousehold decision-making. One mechanism for this growth spillover is a boost to aggregate demand for local goods, in part identified by the positive link between the (randomly determined) neighborhood density of cash transfer households and enterprise creation. The increase in local female entrepreneurial activity translates to a partial income multiplier of at least 0.32. Women face restrictive social norms around work in this context and the slack productive resource brought into activity by the cash transfer is female labor, specifically female-led entrepreneurship near the home.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Nigeria","code":"NGA"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Cash Transfers"},{"name":"Gender"},{"name":"General Equilibrium Effects"},{"name":"Spillovers And Enterprises"}],"topics":[{"id":"O12","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":" D04","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Microeconomic Policy: Formulation, Implementation, and Evaluation","parent_id":"D0"},{"id":" H55","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Social Security and Public Pensions","parent_id":"H5"},{"id":" I38","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Government Policy \u2022 Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs","parent_id":"I3"},{"id":" O33","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Technological Change: Choices and Consequences \u2022 Diffusion Processes","parent_id":"O3"}],"output":[{"type":"PRWP Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP) WPS11112","title":"Cash Is Queen Local Economy Effects Of Cash Transfers To Women In West Africa","authors":"Sreelakshmi Papineni, Paula Gonzalez, Markus Goldstein, and Jed Friedman","doi":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1596\/1813-9450-11112","uri":"http:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/099209105052527084"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Paula Gonzalez","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"pgonzalezmartine@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"reproduction_instructions":"To replicate the results in this package, users need to complete the following steps:\n\n1. **Obtain access to the data**  \n   The data used in this analysis is currently under embargo by the authors and is **not publicly available**. As a result, running the package is not currently possible.  \n   Even after the embargo is lifted, portions of the data will remain **restricted** due to confidentiality concerns (e.g., GPS-derived variables), which will still prevent full execution of the package.  Please refer to the *Data Availability* section for more details.\n\n2. **If access to the data is granted**  \n   If, at any point, access to the necessary data is obtained, the package can be run successfully after the following minor adjustments:\n   - Update the project folder path in the Stata do-file: `MasterDofile_CashIsQueen.do`\n   - Update the project folder path in the R scripts: `AppendixB_RScript.R` and `AppendixD_RScript.R`\n\nBecause obtaining access to the data may be difficult or take time, we have included a folder with the **replicators' output files**. These include all exhibits and can be used to **verify results against the published paper**.","technology_requirements":"Runtime: 9 hours","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2013 Windows 10 Enterprise, version 22H2\n\u2013 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz 2.90 GHz (2 processors)\n\u2013 Memory available: 32 GB\n\u2013 Software version: StataNow 18.5 MP-Parallel Edition, R 4.4.1","data_statement":"All data is currently under a temporary embargo by the authors and is expected to be made publicly available in the future. However, some datasets will remain restricted even after the embargo is lifted and will not be included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","datasets":[{"name":"Feed the Future Nigeria Livelihoods Project 2015, Baseline Survey","note":"Source: Bastian, G., & Papineni, S. (2017). Feed the Future Nigeria Livelihoods Project 2015, Baseline Survey [Data set]. World Bank, Development Data Group. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/YXC3-1307. \nAccess date: September 2015.\nNotes: Datasets includes manual modifications made by the research team, as detailed in the accompanying README file.\nOnce the data embargo is lifted, the dataset will be included in the reproducibility package.\nLocation within package:\nData\/Raw\/NLP_HouseholdFullData.dta  \u2013 full dataset used in this analysis containing baseline, midline and endline variables; \nFNLP_Treatment.dta \u2013 a subset of variables derived from the baseline; the full list of included variables is provided in the README;\nFNLP_VillageLevel.dta \u2013 a subset of variables derived from the baseline; the full list of included variables is provided in the README.\n","uri":"https:\/\/microdatalib.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/9660","access_type":"Data will be included in the reproducibility package once the embargo is lifted. "},{"name":"Feed the Future Nigeria Livelihoods Project 2015, Midline and Endline Survey","note":"Source: World Bank, Development Data Group. Data is temporarily embargoed, and expected to be made public in the future. Please see more detailed information in the data contents in the README file. \nLocation: Data\/Raw\/FNLP_Endline_ChildAnthroData. ","access_type":"Data will be included in the reproducibility package once the embargo is lifted. "},{"name":"Feed the Future Nigeria Livelihoods Project \u2013 GPS-Derived Data","note":"Source: World Bank, Development Data Group. Derived by the World Bank from the baseline data of the Feed the Future Nigeria Livelihoods Project.\nNotes: These datasets were constructed using geospatial information and are restricted due to sensitivity concerns. They were shared exclusively with the PRWP Reproducibility Team at the World Bank for verification purposes.\nFor more information, please refer to the README file where there are details on each dataset. For inquiries or clarifications, contact the authors at: pgonzalezmartine@worldbank.org.\nLocation: Data\/Raw.\nFiles: HHSpatialLongData.dta;\nHHSpatialWideData.dta;\nSUVTADistancesVillages.dta;\nVillageDistancesHH.dta;\nVillagePovertyIntensityData.dta;\nVulnerablesMatrixDatafromR.dta;\nDistancesMarketData.dta;\nDistancesWithinVillage.dta;\nCensusData_VulnertableHH.dta;\nDistancesHHtoVillageType.dta.\n","access_type":"There is no documented way to access the data, and it is not included in the reproducibility package."}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted data"}],"schematype":"script"}