{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DIME","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-06-30","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Alexandra Norris","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"anorris2@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Leora Klapper","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"lklapper@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Dorothe Singer","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dsinger@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Laura Starita","affiliation":"STC","email":"starita@forgeandrefine.com"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Global Findex Database 2025: Connectivity and Financial Inclusion in the Digital Economy","idno":"FR_WLD_2025_361"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"R","version":"4.4.2"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Global Findex 2025: Financial Inclusion And Connectivity And In The Digital Economy","date":"2025-07","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"FR_WLD_2025_361","zip_package":"FR_WLD_2025_361.zip","dependencies":"R dependencies are listed in the file renv.lock."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-06-30","abstract":"Financial inclusion is a cornerstone of development, and since 2011, the Global Findex Database has been the definitive source of data on global access to financial services from payments to savings and borrowing. The 2025 edition, based on national representative surveys across 140 economies contains updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services and digital payments, and offers insights into the behaviors that enable financial resilience. The data also identify gaps in access to and usage of financial services by women and poor adults. New data in 2024 was collected on ownership of mobile phones and the use of the internet, including for connectivity, information, and earning income.\n ","geographic_units":[{"name":"World","code":"WLD"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Financial Inclusion"},{"name":"Household Finance"},{"name":"Digital Financial Services"},{"name":"Gender"}],"topics":[{"id":"D14","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Household Saving \u2022 Personal Finance","parent_id":"D1"},{"id":" G28","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Government Policy and Regulation","parent_id":"G2"},{"id":" O12","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":" J16","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Economics of Gender \u2022 Non-labor Discrimination","parent_id":"J1"}],"output":[{"type":"World Bank Reports & Flagships","description":"World Bank Reports & Flagships","title":"The Global Findex 2025: Financial Inclusion And Connectivity And In The Digital Economy","doi":"https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10986\/43438"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"~4 hours runtime","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Alexandra Norris","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"anorris2@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"The Global Findex Database","note":"Source: World Bank\nFilenames: World_Bank_032125.csv, Findex Module Mapping 2024.xlsx, strataharmonize_11202012.csv.\nCountry-level aggregated data will soon be made available on World Bank Microdata Library.","access_type":"There is no documented way to access the data, and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"Forthcoming at https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/"},{"name":"World Development Indicators","note":"Source: World Bank\nFilename: Final WDI.xlsx.\nData for Taiwan and China is not available via the API and was obtained directly from the WDI team (wdi@worldbank.org). For data on all other economies and the list of indicators, please refer to the README for details.","access_type":"Data access requires purchase or human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/source\/world-development-indicators"}],"reproduction_instructions":"Respondent-level deidentified data will be published on the Microdata Library. However, the code uses restricted raw data that is not included in the reproducibility package; as a result, users will not be able to fully replicate the analysis. The outputs generated by the code can be found in the \"Outputs\" folder.","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced in a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise, version 21H2\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz, 16 Core(s)\n\u2022 Memory available: 1.64 TB\n\u2022 Software version: R 4.4.2"},"tags":[{"tag":"Accessible Data"},{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}