{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DIME","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-07-09","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"\u017deljko Bogeti\u0107","affiliation":"WBG","email":"zbogetic@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Hamid Mohtadi","affiliation":"Emeritus Professor of Economics at University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, and Senior Consultant at the World Bank","email":"hmohtadi@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Decarbonization In MENA Countries: An Empirical Analysis Of Policy Impacts","idno":"RR_WLD_2025_372"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted, but all data necessary to reproduce the analysis has been included in the reproducibility package in accordance with applicable data use terms. For more information, please refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"18 MP"},{"name":"Excel","version":"2504"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Decarbonization In Mena Countries: An Empirical Analysis Of Policy Impacts","date":"2025-07","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_WLD_2025_372","zip_package":"RR_WLD_2025_372.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-07-09","abstract":"In this paper, we empirically examine the multiple impacts of alternative, major fiscal instruments on decarbonization in MENA countries and decarbonization pathways on decarbonization using a database covering 41 countries, including those from the MENA region. We use several methods to compare and contrast the findings and test their robustness. These new estimates contribute to the literature seeking to understand the pros and cons and effectiveness of various policy instruments in promoting decarbonization with particular focus on the MENA region. Some of the principal findings are the following. Oil subsidies among MENA oil producers strongly and positively impact higher CO2 emission. This effect seems to work through energy consumption path. Even after the consumption effect is controlled for, there remains a direct net effect of subsidies on CO2 likely arising from other sources such as manufacturing. Comparing three groups; all 41 countries, only MENA countries, and only MENA oil producers, the adverse effect of oil subsidies on CO2 emission matters only for MENA oil producers not the other two groups. Flaring contributes to CO2 emission for MENA oil producers. oil subsidies do not have a significant effect on short-run or long-run economic growth.  Thus, reducing subsidies does not adversely impact economic growth. This is true for all countries for MENA and for MENA oil exporters. ","geographic_units":[{"name":"World","code":"WLD"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Decarbonization In Mena Countries: An Empirical Analysis Of Policy Impacts"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"~ 2 minutes","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"\u017deljko Bogeti\u0107","affiliation":"WBG","email":"zbogetic@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1145G7 CPU @ 2.60GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 15.7 GB\n\u2022 Software version: Stata 18.0 MP","reproduction_instructions":"1. Open the do-file \"DecarbonizeMENA_repl\".\n2. Update the globals in line 9 to your folder's location and run the do-file.\n","datasets":[{"note":"Source: World Bank & IMF. 2025. The Climate Policy Assessment Tool (CPAT). \nFiles names: Figure 7-11 (a+b).xlsx and Figure 7-11 (c+d).xlsx.\n","name":" The Climate Policy Assessment Tool (CPAT) Model Estimates","access_type":"A subset of the dataset used by the authors is included in the package. To request the latest version of the CPAT and its companion Multiscenario Tool (MT), please follow the formal request process described here: https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/climatechange\/brief\/climate-policy-assessment-tool.\n"},{"name":"Crude Oil Prices: Brent - Europe ","note":"Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Crude Oil Prices: Brent - Europe [ACOILBRENTEU], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/ACOILBRENTEU, July 1, 2025.\nFile name: ACOILBRENTEU.xlsx","access_type":"Included in the package.","uri":"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/series\/ACOILBRENTEU","license_uri":"https:\/\/fred.stlouisfed.org\/legal\/#full-fred-terms"},{"name":"Fossil Fuel Subsidies Database","note":"Source: IEA, Fossil Fuel Subsidies Database, IEA, Paris https:\/\/www.iea.org\/data-and-statistics\/data-product\/fossil-fuel-subsidies-database, Licence: CC BY 4.0.\nFile name: Subsidies 2010-2023.xlsx.","access_type":"Included in the package","uri":"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/data-and-statistics\/data-product\/fossil-fuel-subsidies-database","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.iea.org\/terms"},{"note":"Source: Hannah Ritchie, Pablo Rosado, and Max Roser (2023) - \u201cCO\u2082 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions\u201d Published online at OurWorldinData.org. Retrieved from: 'https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/co2-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions' [Online Resource].\nFile name: owid-co2-data.xlsx","name":"Our World in Data CO2 and Greenhouse Gas Emissions dataset","access_type":"Included in the package.","uri":"https:\/\/github.com\/owid\/co2-data?tab=readme-ov-file"}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Limited-access data"},{"tag":"Open Code"}],"schematype":"script"}