{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-09-09","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Sandra V. Rozo","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"sandrarozo@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Urbina","affiliation":"World Bank, STC","email":"murbinaflorez@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Christina Wieser","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"cwieser@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Beyond Camps and communities: The Economics Of Refugee Relocation In Bangladesh","idno":"RR_BGD_2025_369"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"18 MP"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Beyond Camps and communities: The Economics Of Refugee Relocation In Bangladesh","date":"2025-09","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_BGD_2025_369","zip_package":"RR_BGD_2025_369.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-09-09","abstract":"Relocating refugees to remote purpose-built settlements offers an alternative to hosting refugees to traditional camps or local communities. Yet, its consequences remain poorly understood. This paper evaluates the well-being and fiscal implications of relocating Rohingya refugees from the overcrowded camps of Cox\u2019s Bazar to Bhasan Char, a newly developed remote island settlement in Bangladesh. Using data from the 2019 and 2023 waves of the Cox\u2019s Bazar Panel Survey and the Bhasan Char Panel Survey 2022, and considering the absence of systematic selection criteria in the relocation process, we compare well-being outcomes between relocated and non-relocated households using both unadjusted means and propensity score matching. We document two main findings. First, relocation is associated with a systematic reduction in refugee well-being, including lower food consumption (in both variety and nutritional value), higher illness and depression rates, and lower wages. Second, these outcomes occur despite significantly higher costs: per capita service delivery in Bhasan Char is approximately three times more expensive than in Cox\u2019s Bazar. These results raise important questions about the sustainability and effectiveness of purpose-built relocation models in displacement settings.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Bangladesh","code":"BGD"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Forced Displacement"},{"name":"Bangladesh"},{"name":"Relocation Policies"}],"topics":[{"id":"F22","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"International Migration","parent_id":"F2"},{"id":" O15","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Human Resources \u2022 Human Development \u2022 Income Distribution \u2022 Migration","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":" R23","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Regional Migration \u2022 Regional Labor Markets \u2022 Population \u2022 Neighborhood Characteristics","parent_id":"R2"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Beyond Camps and communities: The Economics Of Refugee Relocation In Bangladesh"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Sandra V. Rozo","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"sandrarozo@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Cox\u2019s Bazar Panel Survey ","note":"Source: The follow-up data from the Cox\u2019s Bazar Panel Survey was provided directly to the authors by the World Bank Bangladesh Country Office. Please contact Christina Wieser (World Bank, cwieser@worldbank.org) to access the dataset. \nFile location: 1-RawData\\CBPS.\nFile names: cbps_2023_household_wide.dta; cbps_2023_adult.dta","access_type":"The dataset is restricted and not included in this package. Access can be requested directly from the contact person noted above."},{"note":"Source: UNHCR (2022). Bangladesh: Bhasan Car Panel Survey - 2022. Accessed from: https:\/\/microdata.unhcr.org. The reproducibility package relies on a cleaned version, which differs from the publicly available version in the Microdata Library. Researchers seeking access to the cleaned dataset should contact Christina Wieser (World Bank, cwieser@worldbank.org).\nFile location: 1-RawData\\BhasanChar.\nFile names: AA_CC_Crime_Conflict.dta; AA_HM_Migration_History.dta; AA_HT_Health Services.dta; AA_LM_Labor_Market.dta; AA_TR_Mental_Health.dta; AF.dta; assets_wide.dta; CR.dta; food_items_wide.dta; HH_AT_Assets_long.dta; HH_CS_NFI_A.dta; HH_CS_NFI_A_wide.dta; HH_CS_NFI_B.dta; HH_CV_Housing_Characteristics.dta; HH_FCS_Food_Consumption.dta; HH_HI_Household_long.dta; HH_LS_Roster.dta; HH_LS_Roster_head.dta; HH_LS_Roster_new.dta; HH_SS_Assistance_Grant.dta; HH_SS_Assistance_NFI_long.dta; HH_SS_Assistance_Nutr_long.dta; HH_SS_Assistance_Services_long.dta; hh_var.dta; hi_wideBC.dta; nonfood_items_wide.dta; services_wide.dta.","access_type":"The dataset is restricted and not included in this package. Access can be requested directly from the contact person noted above.","name":"Bhasan Car Panel Survey"},{"name":"News Articles Dataset: Rohingya Relocation to Bhasan Char","note":"Source: Data complied by the authors using news articles on the relocation of Rohingya refugees to Bhasan Char, systematically collected via Google News. Articles were drawn from reputable media outlets, screened for relevance to the relocation process, and filtered to exclude non-credible sources. The final dataset includes 88 validated articles categorized by year and by themes of voluntariness and refugee perceptions.\nFile name: 1-RawData\\WebScrapping\\WebScrapping.xlsx","access_type":"Data is included in the reproducibility package."}],"technology_requirements":"10 minutes run time.","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ 2.80 GHz (4 processors)\n\u2022 Memory available: 32.0 GB\n","reproduction_instructions":"1. **Secure Access to Data:** Access the datasets not included in the package. See subsection Datasets and the README for more details.\n2. **Download and Place Data:** Once the data is downloaded, users should place it in the appropriate folder.\n3. **Run the Package:** After placing the data in the folder:\n      - Update the global in line 17 of the do-file \"main\" to your folder's location and run the do-file\n\nSince all the data is not included, the package includes the results produced by replicators in the '3-TablesFigures' folder. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper."},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}