{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-09-30","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Catherine Cole Thomas","affiliation":"University of Michigan","email":"thomascc@umich.edu"},{"name":"Patrick Premand","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"ppremand@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Thomas Bossuroy","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"tbossuroy@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Soumaila Abdoulaye Sambo","affiliation":"Groupe de Recherche, d'Etudes et d'Action pour le D\u00e9veloppement (GREAD)","email":"abdoulayesambosoumaila@gmail.com"},{"name":"Hazel Rose Markus","affiliation":"Stanford University","email":"hmarkus@stanford.edu"},{"name":"Gregory M. Walton","affiliation":"Stanford University","email":"gwalton@stanford.edu"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for How Culturally Wise Psychological Interventions Can Help Reduce Poverty","idno":"PP_NER_2025_405"},"data_statement":"All data sources are publicly available, but they are not included in the reproducibility package.","software":[{"name":"R","version":"4.4.1"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for How Culturally Wise Psychological Interventions Can Help Reduce Poverty","date":"2025-08","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank. This reproducibility package corresponds to the journal article version of the paper. A separate reproducibility package for the working paper version is available and can be accessed here: https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/214","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"PP_NER_2025_405","zip_package":"PP_NER_2025_405.zip","dependencies":"R dependencies are listed in the file renv.lock."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-08-14","abstract":"Poverty is characterized by multidimensional economic, social, and psychological forces that, notably, constrain one\u2019s agency over their fate. How can interventions best support the agency of low-income individuals and, in so doing, boost poverty-reduction efforts? We theorize, and find, that agency interventions are effective when they are designed to be \u201cculturally wise,\u201d i.e., attuned to the model of agency predominant in a cultural context. Focusing on low-income women in rural Niger, Study 1 finds that local mental models of economic success are grounded primarily in interdependence, centering relational factors like social harmony, respect, and collective benefits. As evidenced by data from a U.S. sample, this contrasts with a more independent model of agency common in the West, which centers self-oriented personal factors like self-initiative. Study 2 finds empirical support for these mental models in secondary analyses examining relational mechanisms (e.g., social standing) and self-oriented personal mechanisms (e.g., self-efficacy) of women\u2019s economic advancement in a highly effective multifaceted poverty reduction program. Study 3 reports a field experiment with program participants (n = 2,628) to compare, to a control, a Western-derived personal agency intervention and a culturally wise relational agency intervention. Only relational agency caused significant improvements in economic outcomes over 12 months, as well as some personal and relational outcomes. By contrast, personal agency showed limited effects, shifting only personal outcomes. These findings reveal the promise of research at the intersection of social and cultural psychology, behavioral science, and development economics to help address global poverty.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Niger","code":"NER"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Poverty"},{"name":"Behavioral Science"},{"name":"Psychology"},{"name":"Culture"}],"output":[{"type":"Journal Article","description":"Journal Articles","title":"How Culturally Wise Psychological Interventions Can Help Reduce Poverty"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Catherine Cole Thomas","affiliation":"University of Michigan","email":"thomascc@umich.edu"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Adaptive Safety Nets Program 2017-2020, Baseline, Midline and Endline Impact Evaluation Surveys","note":"Located at: allrounds_NER_hh.csv, baseline_NER_hh.csv. \nTo download data, click the link below and select get microdata, then download data in CSV, and place the data in the Data folder. ","uri":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/0h1e-xt51","access_type":"Data is publicly available, but does not allow redistribution. ","license":"Public Use License","license_uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/index.php\/terms-of-use#public_use","citation":"Premand, P. (2022). Adaptive Safety Nets Program 2017-2020, Baseline, Midline and Endline Impact Evaluation Surveys [Data set]. World Bank, Development Data Group. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48529\/0H1E-XT51"},{"name":" Adaptive Safety Net Project - Psychosocial Study 2018-2022","access_type":"Data is publicly available, but does not allow redistribution. ","note":"Located at: Data\/ancillary_predictions.csv, study3_admin.csv, study3_endline.csv, study3_immediateoutcomes.csv. \nTo download data, click the link below and select get microdata, then download data in CSV, and place the data in the Data folder. \n","uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/7859","license":"Public Use License","license_uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/index.php\/terms-of-use#public_use","citation":"Thomas, C.C., Premand, P., Bossuroy, T., Sambo, A. S., Markus, H.R., & Walton, G.W. 2025. \u201cHow Culturally Wise Interventions Can Help Reduce Poverty."}],"reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, a user should:\n\n1. Download the data from the Microdata Library as listed in the data section.  \n2. Open the file `CulturallyWise.proj`.  \n3. Restore the needed packages using `renv::restore()` and follow the prompts, or manually install the required packages.  \n4. Open `CulturallyWise_Code.rmd` and knit the document.  ","technology_requirements":"Runtime: 4 minutes","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1145G7 CPU @ 2.60GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 15.7 GB\n\u2022 Software version: Stata 18.0 MP"},"tags":[{"tag":"Accessible Data"},{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"}],"schematype":"script"}