{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-10-06","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Jacobus de Hoop","affiliation":"World Bank and IZA","email":"jdehoop@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Ana Tribin","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"atribinuribe@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Andrea Vel\u00e1squez","affiliation":"University of Colorado Denver and IZA","email":"andrea.velasquez@ucdenver.edu"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Hidden Costs Of Violence: How Crime Shapes Women\u2019s Labor Market Outcomes In Latin America","idno":"RR_LAC_2025_444"},"data_statement":"All data sources are publicly available and included in the reproducibility package. ","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"18.0 MP "}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Hidden Costs Of Violence: How Crime Shapes Women\u2019s Labor Market Outcomes In Latin America","date":"2025-10","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_LAC_2025_444","zip_package":"RR_LAC_2025_444.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-10-06","abstract":"This study explores the gendered impacts of violent crime on economic opportunities in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). While both men and women experience violent crime, their exposure to violent crime and the consequences they suffer differ. Women are disproportionately affected by intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual harassment, and mobility restrictions, all of which limit their labor market participation and economic independence. Through a review of the literature, the study identifies six primary mechanisms through which violent crime affects economic outcomes of women: sectoral segregation, fear of victimization, mobility constraints, intra-household bargaining power shifts, increased IPV, and disruptions to human capital accumulation. By analyzing these gendered dimensions, the study highlights how violent crime may contribute to inequality and restrict women\u2019s access to economic opportunities. Policy responses must go beyond general crime reduction strategies and incorporate gender-sensitive interventions, including stronger legal protections, labor market reforms, and investments in childcare and financial inclusion. Addressing violent crime from a gendered perspective is essential for fostering economic resilience and reducing inequalities in LAC.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Latin America","code":"LAC"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Violent Crime"},{"name":"Gender Inequality"},{"name":"Labor Market Participation"},{"name":"Intimate Partner Violence (Ipv)"},{"name":"Violent Crime"},{"name":"Fear Of Crime"},{"name":"Mobility Constraints"},{"name":"Human Capital"},{"name":"Latin America And The Caribbean"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Economic Opportunities"},{"name":"Gender-Based Violence"}],"topics":[{"id":"J16","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Economics of Gender \u2022 Non-labor Discrimination","parent_id":"J1"},{"id":" J21","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure","parent_id":"J2"},{"id":" J24","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Human Capital \u2022 Skills \u2022 Occupational Choice \u2022 Labor Productivity","parent_id":"J2"},{"id":" K42","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law","parent_id":"K4"},{"id":" O54","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Latin America \u2022 Caribbean","parent_id":" O5"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"The Hidden Costs Of Violence: How Crime Shapes Women\u2019s Labor Market Outcomes In Latin America"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 4 minutes","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Jacobus de Hoop","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"jdehoop@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, a new user needs to:\n1. Open the main do-file.  \n2. Change the file paths and run the code.  \n","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1145G7 CPU @ 2.60GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 15.7 GB\n\u2022 Software version: Stata 18.0 MP","datasets":[{"name":"World Development Indicators","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","note":"Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. \nFiles location: Data\/01 Raw Data\/2ae7abf-21ab-48ee-a8e8-726cf7ecdef5_Data.txt, Data\/02 Intermediate Data\/WB_homicide_rate, WB_homicide_rate_F, WB_homicide_rate_M. A list of consulted indicators and additional instructions is included in the README file. ","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/public-licenses#cc-by","uri":"https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/source\/world-development-indicators"},{"name":"Women, Business and the Law 1.0 Data for 1971-2024","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/public-licenses#cc-by","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)","uri":"https:\/\/wbl.worldbank.org\/en\/wbl-data","note":"Files location: Data\/01 Raw Data\/WBL1-0-1971-2024.dta.\nDownload the Stata version of \u201cWomen, Business and the Law 1.0 Data for 1971-2024.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","citation":"World Bank. 2024. Women, Business and the Law 1.0 Data for 1971-2024. Washington, DC: World Bank."},{"access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/public-licenses#cc-by","uri":"https:\/\/wbl.worldbank.org\/en\/wbl-data","citation":"World Bank. 2024. Women, Business and the Law 2.0 Data for 2024. Washington, DC: World Bank.","name":"Women, Business and the Law 2.0 Data for 2024","note":"Files location: Data\/01 Raw Data\/WBL2024_LEGAL_EconLevel_ToPublish.dta;\nWBL2024_SUPPORTIVE_EconLevel_ToPublish.dta;\nWBL2024_ExpertOpinion_EconLevel_ToPublish2.dta.\nDownload the Stata version at the link below. Download the files Stata by 2.0 pillar:\u202fLegal frameworks; Supportive frameworks; Expert opinions by economy."}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Open Data"}],"schematype":"script"}