{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-10-06","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Brian Blankespoor","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"bblankespoor@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Susmita Dasgupta","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"sdasgupta@worldbank.org"},{"name":"David Wheeler","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"wheelrdr@gmail.com"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Biodiversity Guidance For Road Corridor Investments: Mobilizing New Data From The Global Biodiversity Information Facility","idno":"RR_WLD_2025_447"},"data_statement":"All data sources are publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","software":[{"name":"R","version":"4.4.1"},{"name":"Stata","version":"18.0 MP"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Biodiversity Guidance For Road Corridor Investments: Mobilizing New Data From The Global Biodiversity Information Facility","date":"2025-10","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_WLD_2025_447","zip_package":"RR_WLD_2025_447.zip","dependencies":"R dependencies are listed in the file renv.lock. Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-10-06","abstract":"Roads are key drivers of economic growth and form a dominant feature in many landscapes. With road infrastructure steadily expanding \u2014 and projections indicating significant growth \u2014 it is important to ensure that road construction and upgrades do not trigger direct and indirect biodiversity loss, especially in ecologically sensitive areas. For road infrastructure to contribute meaningfully to both economic development and environmental protection, reliable data on location specific species distributions, abundance, and conservation status is essential.\nThis paper presents a methodology for identifying road corridors where biodiversity conservation should be a priority for infrastructure planning. Using over 600,000 species habitat maps derived from Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) occurrence records, our approach gives greater attention to plants and invertebrates, often overlooked in standard assessments. Designed for multi-processor cloud computing, the system will allow rapid, frequent updates as GBIF expands. By combining high-resolution species maps with country-specific road corridor maps generated by tailored algorithms, we classify species into four conservation priority groups based on endemism and habitat size \u2014 giving highest priority to endemic species with small habitats.\nWe apply this method to the Philippines and Sub-Saharan Africa. Our results show that biodiversity risk along road corridors varies widely, endemism strongly influences biodiversity-sensitive road location, and critical corridors for endemic species with small habitats are relatively few and geographically clustered. This means that road planners can make significant gains in biodiversity conservation by focusing on these limited priority areas, even in countries with constrained budgets.","geographic_units":[{"name":"World","code":"WLD"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Road Infrastructure Planning"},{"name":"Biodiversity Conservation"},{"name":"Endemic Species"},{"name":"Species With Small Habitats"},{"name":"Gbif Occurrence Data"}],"topics":[{"id":"Q57","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services \u2022 Biodiversity Conservation \u2022 Bioeconomics \u2022 Industrial Ecology","parent_id":"Q5"},{"id":" O18","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis \u2022 Housing \u2022 Infrastructure","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":" Q01","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Sustainable Development","parent_id":"Q0"},{"id":" Q56","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Environment and Development \u2022 Environment and Trade \u2022 Sustainability \u2022 Environmental Accounts and Accounting \u2022 Environmental Equity \u2022 Population Growth","parent_id":"Q5"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Biodiversity Guidance For Road Corridor Investments: Mobilizing New Data From The Global Biodiversity Information Facility"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 10 hours. ","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Brian Blankespoor","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"bblankespoor@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Species Occurrence Regions","citation":" Dasgupta et al. 2024. Revisiting Global Biodiversity: A Spatial Analysis of Species Occurrence Data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0066893\/species_occurrence_regions using - GBIF.org (2025) GBIF Occurrence Download (Accessed from Google BigQuery on Jan 28, 2025)","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0066893\/species_occurrence_regions","license":"Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","note":"The code to download the data is included in the reproducibility package. The files will be placed at this location after download: GIS\/GBIF_Parallel_GIS."},{"name":"Global Biodiversity Information Facility Species Information","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/search\/dataset\/0066903\/Biodiversity-Guidance-for-Road-Corridor-Investments","note":"Files location: Data\/GBIF\/GBIF_Parallel_Data_GBIF_Species_Information.csv. \nThe code to download the data is included in the reproducibility package.\n","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)"},{"name":"Global Dataset of Masked Road Corridors","note":"The code to download the data is included in the reproducibility package. The files will be placed at this location after download: Data\/Roads\/Global_masked_roads.tif","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/search\/dataset\/0066903\/Biodiversity-Guidance-for-Road-Corridor-Investments","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)"},{"name":"Global Key Roads Data","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/search\/dataset\/0066903\/Biodiversity-Guidance-for-Road-Corridor-Investments","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","note":"The code to download the data is included in the reproducibility package. The files will be placed at this location after download: Data\/Roads\/Full_Global_Keyroads."},{"name":"Open Street Map","uri":"https:\/\/download.geofabrik.de\/","note":"Files location: Data\/Roads\/\nAccess date: March 16, 2025.","license_uri":"https:\/\/opendatacommons.org\/licenses\/odbl\/1-0\/","license":"Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) v1.0","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package"},{"name":"World Bank Official Boundaries (2025)","citation":"World Bank Official Boundaries (2025). World Bank Development Data Hub. https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0038272\/World-Bank-Official-Boundaries","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0038272\/World-Bank-Official-Boundaries","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0)","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","note":"The code to download the data is included in the reproducibility package. The files will be placed at this location after download: GIS\/GAD\/WB_GAD_ADM.shp. \n"}],"reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, follow the steps below:\n1. **Open the R Project**\n   Open the `.Rproj` file included in the package.\n2. **Restore the dependencies environment** You can do this by running the following command in the R console: `renv::restore()`\nFollow the prompts to install the required packages. Alternatively, you can install the dependencies by running the script: `biod_roads_wp_global_libraries.R`\n3. **Run the main script** Open the file: `biod_roads_wp__main.R` and run the code.\n**Note:** This script requires **Stata** to run. The path to the Stata executable is defined in the main R script. If your Stata executable is located elsewhere, manually edit **line 128** in `biod_roads_wp__main.R` to update the path.\n","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Processor INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+, 2800 Mhz, 16 Core(s), 16 Logical Pro-\ncessor(s)\n\u2022 Memory available: 128 GB"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Open Data"}],"schematype":"script"}