{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-08-13","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Manuel Ramos-Maqueda","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"mramosmaqueda@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Path To People-Centered Justice In Kenya: A 2025 Jupiter Assessment","idno":"FR_KEN_2025_403"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file. ","software":[{"name":"R","version":"4.4.1"},{"name":"Stata","version":"18.5"},{"name":"Excel","version":"Microsoft\u00ae Excel\u00ae for Microsoft 365 MSO"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Path To People-Centered Justice In Kenya: A 2025 Jupiter Assessment","date":"2025-08","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_KEN_2025_403","zip_package":"RR_KEN_2025_403.zip","dependencies":"R dependencies are listed in the file renv.lock. No Stata or Excel dependencies are used."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-11-19","abstract":"This report examines the state of the justice system in Kenya following the JUPITER Methodology. JUPITER is a country-based assessment framework developed by the World Bank Group (WBG) to benchmark the state and performance of a country\u2019s judiciary in three main areas: access to justice, efficiency, and quality. The report presents the main challenges that emerged from empirical work to provide data-informed, context-specific policy implications.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Kenya","code":"KEN"}],"output":[{"type":"World Bank Reports & Flagships","title":"The Path To People-Centered Justice In Kenya: A 2025 Jupiter Assessment"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Manuel Ramos-Maqueda","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"mramosmaqueda@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Afrobarometer - Kenya Country Data","uri":"https:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org\/data\/data-sets\/","note":"Source: Afrobarometer. Data used includes Kenya data for rounds 2-9 and the report for Round 10. All data are available at http:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org.\nLocated at: \"Stata\/Data\/Raw\/ken_r2_data.sav, ken_r3_data.sav\", \"ken_r4_data.sav\", \"ken_r5_data_july_2015.sav\", \"ken_r6_data_2015.sav\", \"ken_r7_data.sav\", \"ken_r8.data_.new_.final_.wtd_release.31mar21.sav\", \"afrobarometer_release-dataset_ken_r9_en_2023-03-01.sav\", \"Summary-of-results-Kenya-Afrobarometer-R10-template-Eng-16oct24-for-upload.pdf\".\nAccess date: Apr 3rd, 2025 (round 2-4), May 25th, 2025 (round 5-9), March 23, 2025 (round 10).\nVariable names: q33b (How often president ignores laws); q33e (How often people treated unequally under the law); q33f (How often officials unpunished); q33g (How often ordinary people unpunished); q37i (Trust courts of law); q38f (Corruption: judges and magistrates). Merged: q33b (How often president ignores laws); q33e (How often people treated unequally under the law); q33f (How often officials unpunished); q33g (How often ordinary people unpunished); q37i (Trust courts of law); q38f (Corruption: judges and magistrates). Please see more details in the README file.","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution.","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org\/data\/data-usage-and-access-policy\/","citation":"Afrobarometer.\n2024.\n\"Afrobarometer Data, Kenya, Rounds 2-10, [dataset]\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org\/data\/data-sets\/.\nAccess date: Apr 3rd, 2025 (round 2-4), May 25th, 2025 (round 5-9), March 23, 2025 (round 10)."},{"name":"Afrobarometer - Merged Dataset","note":"Source: Afrobarometer.\nLocated at: \"Stata\/Data\/Raw\/R9.Merge_39ctry.20Nov23.final.release_Updated.25Oct24 2 2.sav\".\nAccess date: Nov 1st, 2024.\nVariable names: q33b (How often president ignores laws); q33e (How often people treated unequally under the law); q33f (How often officials unpunished); q33g (How often ordinary people unpunished); q37i (Trust courts of law); q38f (Corruption: judges and magistrates). Please see more details in the README file. ","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution.","uri":"https:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/R9.Merge_39ctry.20Nov23.final_.release_Updated.4Jun25-3.sav","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org\/data\/data-usage-and-access-policy\/","citation":"Afrobarometer.\n2023.\n\"Afrobarometer Data, Merged Round 9 data (39 countries) [dataset]\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/www.afrobarometer.org\/data\/data-sets\/.\nAccess date: Nov 1st, 2024."},{"name":"Kenya Court User Survey 2019","note":"Source: The Judiciary of Kenya.. This dataset was provided to the authors by the Kenyan judiciary under confidential agreements. \nLocated at: Stata\/Data\/Raw\/court User survey_data_2019.xlsx. \nVariable names: que1 (Role), que 5 (Distance), que6 (Satisfaction with Distance), que7a-h (Court buildings), que24 (Bribe Incidence), que27 (Awareness of CUCs), que29 (Awareness of CAM), que32 (Gender), que33 (Education), Name_Court (Station Name). ","access_type":"Data is restricted and not included in the reproducibility package","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\nn.d.\n\"Kenya Court User Survey 2019 [dataset]\".\nUnpublished data.\nAccessed May 2024."},{"name":"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2023-2024","note":"Source: Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2023-2024. Data for number of cases, time to disposition, and number of judges at Kenyan courts at the county level was manually compiled from the report (available at the data URL) for magistrate courts, high courts, environment and land courts, and employment and labour relations courts. Data was accessed on May 29, 2025. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Counties.xlsx\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/judiciary.go.ke\/sojar2023-2024\/","license":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/deed.en","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2024.\n\"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2023-2024\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/judiciary.go.ke\/sojar2023-2024\/.\nAccessed May 29, 2025."},{"name":"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2022-2023","note":"Source: Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2022-2023. Data for the gender of judges, number of cases, and case backlog was manually compiled from the report for all types of courts. Data was accessed on May 17, 2024. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Kenya Gender Efficiency.xlsx\".","uri":"https:\/\/judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/SOJAR-2022-2023-1.pdf","license":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/deed.en","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2023.\n\"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2022-2023\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/SOJAR-2022-2023-1.pdf.\nAccessed May 17, 2024.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package."},{"name":"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2021-2022","note":"Source: Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2021-2022. Data for the gender of judges, number of cases, and case backlog was manually compiled from the report for all types of courts. Data was accessed on May 17, 2024. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Kenya Gender Efficiency.xlsx\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"CC BY-NC-SA 4.0","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/deed.en","uri":"https:\/\/www.judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sojar-21-22-for-Launch-1.pdf","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2022.\n\"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2021-2022\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/www.judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Sojar-21-22-for-Launch-1.pdf.\nAccessed May 17, 2024."},{"name":"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2018-2019","note":"Source: Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2018-2019. Data for the gender of judges, number of cases, and case backlog was manually compiled from the report for all types of courts. Data was accessed on May 17, 2024. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Kenya Gender Efficiency.xlsx\".","uri":"https:\/\/ncaj.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/SOJAR-REPORT-2018-_-2019.pdf","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2020.\n\"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2018-2019\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/ncaj.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/SOJAR-REPORT-2018-_-2019.pdf.\nAccessed May 17, 2024."},{"name":"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2016-2017","note":"Source: Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2016-2017. Data for the gender of judges, number of cases, and case backlog was manually compiled from the report for all types of courts. Data was accessed on May 17, 2024. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Kenya Gender Efficiency.xlsx\".","uri":"https:\/\/ncaj.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/SOJAR-2016%EF%80%A217.pdf","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2017.\n\"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2016-2017\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/ncaj.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/SOJAR-2016%EF%80%A217.pdf.\nAccessed May 17, 2024."},{"name":"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2014-2015","note":"Source: Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2014-2015. Data for the gender of judges, number of cases, and case backlog was manually compiled from the report for all types of courts. Data was accessed on May 17, 2024. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Kenya Gender Efficiency.xlsx\".","uri":"https:\/\/ncaj.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/SOJAR-2014%EF%80%A215.pdf","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2015.\n\"Annual report of the state of the judiciary and administration of justice (SOJAR) 2014-2015\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/ncaj.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/SOJAR-2014%EF%80%A215.pdf.\nAccessed May 17, 2024."},{"name":"Evaluation report of performance management and measurement understanding (PMMU) 2022-2023","note":"Source: Evaluation report of performance management and measurement understanding (PMMU) 2022-2023. Data for productivity at Kenyan courts at the county level was manually compiled from the report (available at the data URL) for magistrate courts, high courts, environment and land courts, and employment and labour relations courts. Data was accessed on May 29, 2025. Data file: \"R\/Data\/Counties.xlsx\".","uri":"https:\/\/www.judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/PERFORMANCE-MANAGEMENT-AND-MEASUREMENT-UNDERSTANDINGS-EVALUATION-REPORT-20222023.pdf","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2024.\n\"Evaluation report of performance management and measurement understanding (PMMU) 2022-2023\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/www.judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/PERFORMANCE-MANAGEMENT-AND-MEASUREMENT-UNDERSTANDINGS-EVALUATION-REPORT-20222023.pdf.\nAccessed May 29, 2025."},{"name":"Kenya county population","uri":"https:\/\/www.citypopulation.de\/en\/kenya\/admin\/","note":"Source: Thomas Brinkhoff - City Population. Data file: \"Counties.xlsx\", spreadsheet \"Counties Population\". Data was accessed in May 29, 2025.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/","license":"CC BY 3.0","citation":"Thomas Brinkhoff.\n2023.\n\"City Population - Kenya county population [dataset]\".\nAccessed from https:\/\/www.citypopulation.de\/en\/kenya\/admin\/.\nAccessed May 29, 2025."},{"name":"Kenya County GDP","note":"Source: Stats Kenya. Data contains the country GDP at millions of KSH for 2022. Data file: \"Counties.xlsx\", spreadsheet \"Gross County Product\". Data was accessed in May 29, 2025.","license_uri":"https:\/\/statskenya.co.ke\/terms-and-conditions","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution.","uri":"https:\/\/statskenya.co.ke\/at-stats-kenya\/about\/gross-county-product-county-gdp\/45\/","citation":"Stats Kenya.\nn.d.\n\"Kenya County GDP [dataset]\".\nAccessed from https:\/\/statskenya.co.ke\/at-stats-kenya\/about\/gross-county-product-county-gdp\/45\/.\nAccessed May 29, 2025."},{"note":"Source: e-Filing and Commercial Justice Sector Reforms Survey Report.\nData on ease of use of the e-filing system was manually compiled by the authors using information from the report.\nData files: \"R\/Data\/Ease_of_Use_of_CTS_by_Registry_Staff.csv\", \"E-filing_Judiciary_Survey_Data.csv\".\nAccess date: May 15, 2024.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","name":"e-Filing and Commercial Justice Sector Reforms Survey Report ","citation":"The Judiciary of Kenya.\n2022.\n\"e-Filing and Commercial Justice Sector Reforms Survey Report\".\nDownloaded from https:\/\/www.judiciary.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/E-Filing-Survey-April-2023-FINAL-2.pdf.\nAccessed May 15, 2024."},{"name":"JUPITER Survey Data for the Justice Sector of Kenya","note":"Source: This data was collected by the authors via a Microsoft Forms online survey, between February and May of 2025. This data is confidential.\nLocated at: \"R\/Data\/Justice Sector Survey_Kenya JUPITER Assessment(1-27).xslx\".\nA detailed list of variables used is included in the README file.\n","access_type":"Data is restricted and not included in the reproducibility package. ","citation":"Manuel Ramos-Maqueda.\n2025.\n\"JUPITER Survey Data for the Justice Sector of Kenya [dataset]\".\nUnpublished data.\nCollected in February-May 2025."},{"note":"Source: The Judiciary of Kenya. Republic of State of the Judiciary and the Administration of Justice Reports (2014-2024). The authors used the listed source to compile the information used. Please note that the links are broken from the original URLs we consulted. The downloaded files are available in the raw data folder R\/Data. The details of where each of the information comes from for each tab are included in the README file. \nAccess date: May 17th, 2024.\nLocated at: R\/Data\/Kenya Gender Efficiency.xlsx, compiled from SOJAR 2014-2015, SOJAR REPORT 2018 _ 2019 final, SOJAR-2016 17, SOJAR-2022-2023-1, SOJAR-2023-2024, Sojar-Report-21_22. ","name":"State of the Judiciary and the Administration of Justice Reports","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package. "},{"name":"Doing Business 2020","note":"Source: World Bank, Doing Business. \nReferences are linked in the Sheet \u201cFigure 15\u201d, Column C (\u201cSource\u201d), and in the Sheet \u201cFigure 14\u201d, Column C (\u201cSource\u201d).\nAccess date: Apr 9, 2025.\nVariable names: Attorney Fees and Court Fees for Tanzania, South Sudan, Uganda, Liberia, Kenya, and Rwanda.\nLocated at: \"Excel\/Attorney Fees.xlsx\", \"Court fees.xlsx\".\n","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package. ","uri":"https:\/\/archive.doingbusiness.org\/en\/data\/exploreeconomies\/","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/about\/legal\/terms-of-use-for-datasets","license":"CC-BY 4 with additional terms specified in the license URL","citation":"World Bank.\n2020.\n\"Doing Business 2020 [dataset]\".\nAccessed at https:\/\/archive.doingbusiness.org\/en\/data\/exploreeconomies.\nAccessed April 9, 2025."}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 7 minutes.","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1145G7 CPU @ 2.60GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 15.7 GB","reproduction_instructions":"**1. Access the data:** Five datasets required to run the code are not included in the reproducibility due to access and redistribution restrictions. User need to gain access to these data to reproduce the results. See the Datasets section for details.\n**2. Download and place the data:** once all data are obtained, copy it to their corresponding folders.\n**3. Run the Stata code:** change the global path in the do-file \"Stata\/Code\/00_main\" and run it.\n**4. Run the R code:** change the project root in the script \"R\/Code\/00_master\" and run it.\n**5. Open the Excel files:** Open the Excel file \"Excel\/court fees.xlsx\" and \"Excel\/attorney fees.xlsx\" to display figures 14-1 and 14-2.\n\nSince all the data are not included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper."},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}