{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2025-12-15","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Jose Cuesta","affiliation":"World Bank Group","email":"jcuesta@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Connor Huff ","affiliation":"University of California Los Angeles","email":"connorhuff@ucla.edu"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Climate And Social Sustainability In FCV Contexts","idno":"RR_WLD_2025_489"},"data_statement":"Some data is limited access and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"R","version":"4.5.1"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Climate And Social Sustainability In FCV Contexts","date":"2025-12","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_WLD_2025_489","zip_package":"RR_WLD_2025_489.zip","dependencies":"R dependencies are listed in the file renv.lock."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2025-12-15","abstract":"Climate change is widely recognized as a driver of violent conflict, but its broader social effects remain less understood. Ignoring these dimensions risks a vicious cycle where climate policies might undermine socially just adaptation. Evidence is still limited on how climate shocks influence political participation, trust, or migration. This paper helps fill that gap by examining links between climate change, conflict, and social sustainability, with a focus on inclusion, resilience, cohesion, and legitimacy. Using secondary data from 2019\u20132024, the study applies simple correlation-based methods to test three hypotheses on the nature, severity, and composition of these associations. The analysis combines multiple climate impact measures, new conflict classifications, recent social sustainability frameworks, and controls for population and geography. Results reveal strong correlations\u2014not causation\u2014between climate events and contexts of fragility, conflict, and violence. Climate impacts are most pronounced in both national and subnational conflict settings. We also find robust links between fragility, conflict and violence and low levels of social sustainability, reflecting its role as both a driver and consequence of conflict. Some dimensions\u2014such as violent events and insecurity\u2014appear weaker in areas most affected by climate shocks. Two hypotheses are supported, while one remains inconclusive.","geographic_units":[{"name":"World","code":"WLD"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Climate Change"},{"name":"Conflict"},{"name":"Fragility"},{"name":"Violence"},{"name":"Social Sustainability"}],"topics":[{"id":"Q01","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Sustainable Development","parent_id":"Q0"},{"id":" Q56","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Environment and Development \u2022 Environment and Trade \u2022 Sustainability \u2022 Environmental Accounts and Accounting \u2022 Environmental Equity \u2022 Population Growth","parent_id":"Q5"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Climate And Social Sustainability In FCV Contexts"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 10 Enterprise, version 22H2\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6132 CPU @ 2.60GHz 2.60 GHz (2 processors)\n\u2022 Memory available: 128 GB\n\u2022 Software version:  R 4.5.1","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Jose Cuesta","affiliation":"World Bank ","email":"jcuesta@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Social Sustainability Global Database (SSGD)","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0061880\/Social-Sustainability-Global-Database-","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/public-licenses?fragment=cc","citation":"World Bank. 2024. \"Social Sustainability Global Database [dataset],\" v3, https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0061880\/Social-Sustainability-Global-Database-, 2024-7-12.","note":"Source: World Bank","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package."},{"name":"EM-DAT International Disaster Database (Natural Disasters)","uri":"https:\/\/www.emdat.be\/","citation":"Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). 2025. EM-DAT International Disaster Database \u2013 Natural Disasters [dataset]. Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain. https:\/\/www.emdat.be\/. Accessed 2025.\n","note":"Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED)\n","access_type":"Data access requires human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.emdat.be\/terms-and-conditions\/","license":"Custom license"},{"citation":"Dartmouth Flood Observatory. 2025. Global Flood Events Database [dataset]. University of Colorado Boulder. https:\/\/floodobservatory.colorado.edu\/Archives\/. Accessed 2025.\n","name":"Global Flood Events Database","uri":"https:\/\/floodobservatory.colorado.edu\/Archives\/","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","note":"Source: Dartmouth Flood Observatory"},{"citation":"Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN). 2025. ND-GAIN Country Index [dataset]. University of Notre Dame. https:\/\/gain.nd.edu\/our-work\/country-index\/. Accessed 2025.\n","uri":"https:\/\/gain.nd.edu\/our-work\/country-index\/","name":"Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN) Country Index","note":"Source: University of Notre Dame","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package."},{"citation":"World Bank. 2025. Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Country Classification [dataset]. World Bank. https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/fragilityconflictviolence. Accessed 2025. .\n","name":"Fragility, Conflict, and Violence (FCV) Country Classification","note":"Source: World Bank","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package","uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/fragilityconflictviolence"},{"citation":"World Bank. 2025. World Development Indicators: Land area (sq. km) [dataset]. World Bank. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/AG.LND.TOTL.K2. Accessed 2025.\n","name":"World Development Indicators \u2013 Land Area","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/public-licenses#cc-by","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","note":"Source: World Bank","uri":"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/AG.LND.TOTL.K2"},{"citation":"World Bank. 2025. World Development Indicators: Population, total [dataset]. World Bank. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL. Accessed 2025.\n","uri":"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL","name":"World Development Indicators \u2013 Population total","note":"Source: World Bank","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/public-licenses#cc-by","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0"}],"reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this study, please follow the steps below:\n1. Acquire the limited-access data and place all required files in the `\/Data` folder.  Please see the `README` file for detailed instructions on data access.\n2. Open the `Climate and SS in FCV-Replication.Rproj` project and run the `Master.R` script.\n3. Outputs will be generated in the `\/Tables` and `\/Graphs` folders.","technology_environment":"Runtime: 1 hour"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Limited-access data"},{"tag":"Open Code"}],"schematype":"script"}