{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-02-06","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Alvaro Pedraza","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"apedrazamorales@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Faruk Miguel","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"fmiguelliriano@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Lucas Dos Santos","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"lsoaresdossantos@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Claudia Ruiz-Ortega","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"cruizortega@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Silvio Arduini","affiliation":"Banco Central do Brasil","email":"silvio.arduini@bcb.gov.br"},{"name":"Claudio Moreira","affiliation":"Banco Central do Brasil","email":"claudio.filgueiras@bcb.gov.br"},{"name":"Paulo Sampaio","affiliation":"Banco Central do Brasil","email":"sampaio@bcb.gov.br"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Effects Of Regulatory Information Systems On Credit Allocation: Evidence From Brazil\u2019s Rural Credit Bureau","idno":"RR_BRA_2025_508"},"data_statement":"Data is publicly available but not all is included in the reproducibility package due to file size constraints.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"19.5 MP"},{"name":"Python","version":"3.12.4"},{"name":"QGIS","version":"3.38.1"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for The Effects Of Regulatory Information Systems On Credit Allocation: Evidence From Brazil\u2019s Rural Credit Bureau","date":"2026-02","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_BRA_2025_508","zip_package":"RR_BRA_2025_508.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-02-06","abstract":"This paper studies how improvements in regulatory information systems affect credit allocation in rural financial markets. In 2021, the Central Bank of Brazil introduced major enhancements to the Rural Credit Bureau, first by integrating geospatial data on borrowers\u2019 plots with national environmental and social compliance registries, and then by automating real-time verification of credit applications. These reforms simultaneously increased the information available to financial institutions and established a centralized second line of defense that blocks non-compliant credit operations. Using municipality-level data, we find that after the improvement in regulatory information, credit growth slowed in areas with larger shares of protected land, particularly among cooperatives and public banks. The effect is consistent across regions and biomes, indicating the operation of a uniform national enforcement mechanism. We rule out confounding policy changes and show that the results are not driven by shifts in credit demand or bank risk exposure. The findings suggest that combining improved data integration with real-time monitoring can strengthen environmental enforcement by redirecting financial flows away from high-risk areas without broadly constraining access to rural credit.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Brazil","code":"BRA"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Environmental Compliance"},{"name":"Rural Credit"},{"name":"Geospatial Data Integration"},{"name":"Sustainable Finance"}],"topics":[{"id":"G28","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Government Policy and Regulation","parent_id":"G2"},{"id":" O13","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Agriculture \u2022 Natural Resources \u2022 Energy \u2022 Environment \u2022 Other Primary Products","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":" Q58","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Government Policy","parent_id":"Q5"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"The Effects Of Regulatory Information Systems On Credit Allocation: Evidence From Brazil\u2019s Rural Credit Bureau"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 45 minutes","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Alvaro Pedraza","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"apedrazamorales@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 32.0 GB","reproduction_instructions":"Once users have access to all required datasets, the findings of the paper can be reproduced by following the steps below.\n1. Update the file paths in the `0_master_dataset.do` do-file and run the script. This step requires access to all raw data sources and is intended to be run only by users with full data access.\n2. Update the file paths in the `1_create_data.do` do-file and run the script. Users without access to the raw data may begin from this step, using the intermediate datasets included in the replication package.\n3. Update the file paths in the `2_analysis.do` do-file and run the script.\n4. Update the file paths in the `QGIS_Figure2.py` script and run the script to reproduce Figure 2.\n","datasets":[{"name":"Microdados do Sistema de Opera\u00e7\u00f5es do Cr\u00e9dito Rural e do Proagro (SICOR)","uri":"https:\/\/www.bcb.gov.br\/estabilidadefinanceira\/tabelas-credito-rural-proagro ","note":"Source: Central Bank of Brazil\nData was accessed on June 1st, 2025.\nFiles location: \"Raw data\\source files\"\nFile names: Programa.csv; Subprogramas.csv; FonteRecursos.csv; Empreendimento.csv; SICOR_LISTA_IFS.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2013.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2014.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2015.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2016.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2017.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2018.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2019.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2020.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2021.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2022.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2023.csv; SICOR_OPERACAO_BASICA_ESTADO_2024.csv.","access_type":"Open data: Data is publicly available and but not included in the reproducibility package due to size constraints. Details on how to access the data are available in the README.\n","citation":"Central Bank of Brazil. (n.d.). \nMicrodados do Sistema de Opera\u00e7\u00f5es do Cr\u00e9dito Rural e do Proagro (SICOR) [Dataset]. \nRetrieved from https:\/\/www.bcb.gov.br\/estabilidadefinanceira\/tabelas-credito-rural-proagro.\nAccessed on June 1st, 2025."},{"name":"Biomes per municipality","note":"Source: Compiled by the authors using data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics \u2013 IBGE. pp. 18-37.\nData was accessed on June 1st, 2025.\nFile name: \"Raw data\\source files\\biomes.dta\"\n","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/biblioteca.ibge.gov.br\/visualizacao\/livros\/liv102097.pdf","citation":"Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). (2024). Lista dos Munic\u00edpios localizados em mais de um Bioma (Interbiomas) no Brasil - 2024 (pp. 18\u201337) in Bioma Predominante por Munic\u00edpio para Fins Estat\u00edsticos [PDF]. Retrieved June 1, 2025, from https:\/\/biblioteca.ibge.gov.br\/visualizacao\/livros\/liv102097.pdf."},{"name":"Share of protected land","note":"Source: Compiled by the authors in QGIS using the following datasets: municipal shapefiles from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE); conservation units from the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change; Indigenous lands from the National Foundation for Indigenous Peoples (FUNAI); and Quilombola settlements from the National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA). Additional details are provided in the README and in \u201cProtected area methodology.docx.\u201d\nSource data was accessed on June 1st, 2025.\nFiles location: \"Raw data\\source files\"\nFiles name: protected_share_by_year.csv and border_dummies.csv.\n","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"World Bank. (2025). Share of Protected Land [dataset]."}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Open Data"}],"schematype":"script"}