{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-02-11","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Daniel Halim","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dhalim@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Elghafiky Bimardhika","affiliation":"World Bank, Australian National University","email":"Elghafiky.Bimardhika@alumni.anu.edu.au"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for To Have It All? Career And Family Of College-Educated Women In An Emerging Economy","idno":"RR_IDN_2026_573"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"18 MP"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for To Have It All? Career And Family Of College-Educated Women In An Emerging Economy","date":"2026-02","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_IDN_2026_573","zip_package":"RR_IDN_2026_573.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-02-11","abstract":"Can college-educated women in rapidly developing economies balance career and family, or does compressed economic growth polarize their choices? This paper investigates how Indonesian women navigate these dual objectives across birth cohorts from the1950s to the 1990s. We utilize 38 years of Labor Force Survey data to examine aggregate cohort patterns and five rounds of Indonesia Family Life Survey panel data to trace individual life-cycle trajectories. We document increasing polarization among younger cohorts. Younger cohorts either delay marriage and stay in the labor force, or opt out of the labor force altogether post-marriage. We trace this divergence to two concurrent trends. First, more women enter time-demanding, high-skilled professions traditionally dominated by men. Second, rising conservatism among young men creates marriage market frictions leaving educated women with stark choices: conform to conservative family expectations by leaving work, or prioritize careers while delaying or forgoing family.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Indonesia","code":"IDN"}],"keywords":[{"name":"College Graduates"},{"name":"Female Employment"},{"name":"Marriage"},{"name":"Indonesia"}],"topics":[{"id":"J12","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Marriage \u2022 Marital Dissolution \u2022 Family Structure \u2022 Domestic Abuse","parent_id":"J1"},{"id":" J16","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Economics of Gender \u2022 Non-labor Discrimination","parent_id":"J1"},{"id":" J22","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Time Allocation and Labor Supply","parent_id":"J2"},{"id":" J24","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Human Capital \u2022 Skills \u2022 Occupational Choice \u2022 Labor Productivity","parent_id":"J2"},{"id":" O15","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Human Resources \u2022 Human Development \u2022 Income Distribution \u2022 Migration","parent_id":"O1"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"To Have It All? Career And Family Of College-Educated Women In An Emerging Economy"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Run time: ~ 30 minutes.","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Daniel Halim","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dhalim@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ 2.80 GHz (2 processors)\n\u2022 Memory available: 32.0 GB","reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:\n1. **Secure Access to Data:** Access the datasets not included in the package. See subsection Datasets for more details.\n2. **Download and Place Data:** Once the data is accessed, users should place it in the appropriate folder.\n3. **Run the Package:** After placing the data in the folder, run the files in the order:\n      - Update the global in line 11 of the do-file \"0 master\" to your folder's location and run the do-file.\n\nSince all the data is not included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper. \n","datasets":[{"name":"Indonesia Family Life Survey (1993)","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/health\/surveys\/FLS\/IFLS\/access.html","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/site_info\/terms-and-conditions.html","citation":"Frankenberg, E. and L. Karoly. \"The 1993 Indonesian Family Life Survey: Overview and Field Report.\" November, 1995. RAND, Santa Monica, CA.","note":"Data accessed in 2024. Detailed list of files can be found in the README. \nFile location: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/1 IFLS\/IFLS1"},{"name":"Indonesia Family Life Survey (1997)","citation":"Frankenberg, E. and D. Thomas. \"The Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS): Study Design and Results from Waves 1 and 2.\" March 2000. RAND, Santa Monica, CA. DRU-2238\/1-NIA\/NICHD.","uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/health\/surveys\/FLS\/IFLS\/access.html","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/site_info\/terms-and-conditions.html","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","note":"Data accessed in 2024. Detailed list of files can be found in the README. \nFile location: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/1 IFLS\/IFLS2"},{"name":"Indonesia Family Life Survey (2000)","note":"Data accessed in 2024. Detailed list of files can be found in the README. \nFile location: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/1 IFLS\/IFLS3","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/site_info\/terms-and-conditions.html","uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/health\/surveys\/FLS\/IFLS\/access.html","citation":"Strauss, J., K. Beegle, B. Sikoki, A. Dwiyanto, Y. Herawati and F. Witoelar. \"The Third Wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS): Overview and Field Report\", March 2004. WR-144\/1-NIA\/NICHD."},{"name":"Indonesia Family Life Survey (2007)","note":"Data accessed in 2024. Detailed list of files can be found in the README. \nFile location: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/1 IFLS\/IFLS4","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/site_info\/terms-and-conditions.html","uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/health\/surveys\/FLS\/IFLS\/access.html","citation":"Strauss, J., F. Witoelar, B. Sikoki and A.M. Wattie.  \"The Fourth Wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS4): Overview and Field Report\". April 2009. WR-675\/1-NIA\/NICHD."},{"name":"Indonesia Family Life Survey (2014)","note":"Data accessed in 2024. Detailed list of files can be found in the README. \nFile location: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/1 IFLS\/IFLS5","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/site_info\/terms-and-conditions.html","uri":"https:\/\/www.rand.org\/health\/surveys\/FLS\/IFLS\/access.html","citation":"Strauss, J., F. Witoelar, and B. Sikoki. \"The Fifth Wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS5): Overview and Field Report\". March 2016. WR-1143\/1-NIA\/NICHD."},{"name":"World Values Survey: Round Four","citation":"Inglehart, R., C. Haerpfer, A. Moreno, C. Welzel, K. Kizilova, J. Diez-Medrano, M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin & B. Puranen et al. (eds.). 2014. World Values Survey: Round Four - Country-Pooled Datafile Version: www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV4.jsp. Madrid: JD Systems Institute.\n","note":"Data accessed in 2024. \nFiles: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/6 WVS\/wvs4-all.dta\n","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV4.jsp","uri":"https:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV4.jsp","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package."},{"name":" World Values Survey: Round Five","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","note":"Data accessed in 2024. \nFiles: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/6 WVS\/wvs5-all.dta","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV5.jsp","uri":"https:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV5.jsp","citation":"Inglehart, R., C. Haerpfer, A. Moreno, C. Welzel, K. Kizilova, J. Diez-Medrano, M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin & B. Puranen et al. (eds.). 2014. World Values Survey: Round Five - Country-Pooled Datafile Version: www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV5.jsp. Madrid: JD Systems Institute."},{"name":"World Values Survey: Round Seven","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","note":"Data accessed in 2024. \nFiles: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/6 WVS\/wvs7-all.dta","citation":"Haerpfer, C., Inglehart, R., Moreno, A., Welzel, C., Kizilova, K., Diez-Medrano J., M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin & B. Puranen (eds.). 2022. World Values Survey: Round Seven \u2013 Country-Pooled Datafile Version 6.0. Madrid, Spain & Vienna, Austria: JD Systems Institute & WVSA Secretariat.\u00a0doi:10.14281\/18241.24\n","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp","uri":"https:\/\/www.worldvaluessurvey.org\/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp"},{"name":"World Development Indicators","uri":"https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/source\/world-development-indicators","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/about\/legal\/terms-of-use-for-datasets","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.\n","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License","note":"Data accessed in 2024. Indicators accessed: School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross); School enrollment, tertiary, male (% gross); School enrollment, tertiary (% gross). Country: Indonesia. Time: 1960 - 2023.\nFiles: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/8 WDI\/wdi_tertiaryeduc.xlsx\n","citation":"World Bank. 2024. \"World Development Indicators\" [dataset]. Indicator accessed: School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross); School enrollment, tertiary, male (% gross); School enrollment, tertiary (% gross).  Accessed in 2024. https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/source\/world-development-indicators"},{"name":"Occupation Code","note":"Author compiled dataset. Includes a list of occupations and the related codes. \nFiles: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/1 IFLS\/IFLS Occupation Code\/Occupation Code.xlsx\n","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Halim, Daniel. 2024. Occupation Code.xlsx. Author-generated dataset prepared for \u201cTo Have It All? Career and Family of College-Graduate Women in an Emerging Economy.\u201d"},{"name":"Sakernas (1986-2023)","note":"Indonesia\u2019s nationally representative labor force survey, Sakernas is collected twice a year by the national statistics office. It is designed to closely monitor labor market dynamics. It contains granular information about employment, including the type of work and work hours. Detailed list of files can be found in the README. \nFile location:1 Data\/1 Raw\/2 Sakernas\/","citation":"Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. 1986-2023. \"Survei Ketenagakerjaan Nasional [dataset],\" Accessed via BPS [distributor], 2024-06-10.","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package."},{"name":"Susenas: Round March 2023","note":"Indonesia\u2019s nationally representative socioeconomic survey, Susenas is also collected twice a year by the national statistics office, and is intended to capture broader demographic and socioeconomic indicators, such as fertility, migration, consumption, and poverty.\nFiles: 1 Data\/1 Raw\/3 Susenas\/sus2023\/kor23ind.dta\n","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. 2023. \"Survei Sosioekonomi Nasional [dataset],\" Accessed via BPS [distributor], 2024-06-10."}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}