{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-03-12","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Alexander Hamilton","affiliation":"Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office","email":"alexander.hamilton@fcdo.gov.uk"},{"name":"Ford Hickson","affiliation":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine","email":"Ford.Hickson@lshtm.ac.uk"},{"name":"Axel Jeremias Schmidt","affiliation":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine","email":"Axel.Schmidt@lshtm.ac.uk"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Using Survey Data To Understand The Health Needs Of Difficult To Reach Populations: Evidence From A Community Survey Regarding The Individual And Contextual Correlates Of Sex Life Happiness Amongst European MSM","idno":"RR_WLD_2026_543"},"data_statement":"Some data is limited-access and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"19.5 MP"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Using Survey Data To Understand The Health Needs Of Difficult To Reach Populations: Evidence From A Community Survey Regarding The Individual And Contextual Correlates Of Sex Life Happiness Amongst European Msm.","date":"2026-03","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_WLD_2026_543","zip_package":"RR_WLD_2026_543.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-03-12","abstract":"\nBeing happy with one\u2019s sex life is an important facet of sexual health. Several studies have found associations between sex life happiness and a range of individual (or proximate) and contextual (usually country-level) factors amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). Using a novel dataset, the 2017 European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (EMIS-2017), we are able to simultaneously explore the association of both individual and contextual variables, and sex life happiness, and, ultimately, health. Understanding and quantifying this link is important for policymakers concerned with improving health outcomes in minority, and often marginalised, populations.\nResults: Recency of sex and\/or being in a steady sexual relationship had the largest positive associations with higher self-reported sex life happiness. Being single had the largest negative association. Among individual-level factors, not having experienced homophobia and being out to a majority of one\u2019s social network were most strongly associated with sex-life happiness. At the country-level, there is evidence that living in a country with a more authoritarian political regime is associated with less sex life happiness. Mediation analysis shows that authoritarian regimes are also indirectly negatively associated with sex life happiness via the likelihood of being open about one\u2019s sexuality.  Our study provides a strong basis for further research exploring the potentially complex associations between proximate and contextual variables in determining sex life happiness amongst MSM populations.\n","geographic_units":[{"name":"World","code":"WLD"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Msm"},{"name":"Socio-Economic Determinants Of Health"},{"name":"Survey Data"}],"topics":[{"id":"C80","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"General","parent_id":"C8"},{"id":" I12","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Health Behavior","parent_id":"I1"},{"id":" I14","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Health and Inequality","parent_id":"I1"},{"id":" I18","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Government Policy \u2022 Regulation \u2022 Public Health","parent_id":"I1"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Using Survey Data To Understand The Health Needs Of Difficult To Reach Populations: Evidence From A Community Survey Regarding The Individual And Contextual Correlates Of Sex Life Happiness Amongst European MSM."}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 4 hours.","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Alexander Hamilton","affiliation":"Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office","email":"alexander.hamilton@fcdo.gov.uk"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 32.0 GB","reproduction_instructions":"Once users have access to all the data, to reproduce the findings, a new user needs to:\n1. Adjust the file path in the `Rep2.do` do-file.\n2. Run the code.","datasets":[{"name":"2017 European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS)","note":"Source: Sigma Research at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) in association with the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) in Berlin.\nAccess date: February 2026.\nFile name: EMIS2017.dta.\nRequest for access to national or international EMIS-2010\/2017 data should be addressed at coordinator@emis-project.eu, using the data request available in the website.","uri":"https:\/\/www.emis-project.eu\/emis-2017\/","access_type":"Data access requires purchase or human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Custom license","citation":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and the Robert Koch Institute (RKI). 2017. \"The European MSN Internet Survey\" [dataset]. https:\/\/www.emis-project.eu\/emis-2017\/. Accessed February 2026."},{"name":"Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses","note":"Source: Freedom House.\nAccess date: February 2026.\nFile name: Freedom.xlsx.","uri":"https:\/\/view.officeapps.live.com\/op\/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2023-02%2FCountry_and_Territory_Ratings_and_Statuses_FIW_1973-2023%2520.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Freedom House. 2023. Freedom in the World: Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses, 1973\u20132023 [dataset]. https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/"},{"name":"World Development Indicators WDI","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/about\/legal\/terms-of-use-for-datasets","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)","note":"Source: World Bank. \nAccess date: January 2026.\nFile names: GDP.xls, Health.xls, Population.xls, and Urban.xls.\nIndicators: GDP per capita (current US$) (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD), Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS), Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL), and Urban population (% of total population) (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS).","uri":"https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/source\/world-development-indicators","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"World Bank. 2026. World Development Indicators [dataset]. Indicators used: GDP per capita (current US$) (NY.GDP.PCAP.CD); Current health expenditure (% of GDP) (SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS); Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL); Urban population (% of total population) (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS). https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/source\/world-development-indicators"},{"name":"LGBTQ+ Access to Power Index","note":"Source: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem).\nAccess date: January 2026.\nFile name: PowerIndex.xlsx.","uri":"https:\/\/v-dem.net\/data\/the-v-dem-dataset\/country-year-v-dem-fullothers-v15\/","citation":"Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Fabio Angiolillo, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Linnea Fox, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerl\u00f8w, Adam Glynn, Ana Good God, Sandra Grahn, Allen Hicken, Katrin Kinzelbach, Joshua Krusell, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Natalia Natsika, Anja Neundorf, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Johannes von R\u00f6mer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundstr\u00f6m, Marcus Tannenberg, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Felix Wiebrecht, Tore Wig, Steven Wilson and Daniel Ziblatt. 2025. \"Country-Year: V-Dem Full+Others version 15\" Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23696\/vdemds25.\n","license":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License CC-BY-SA-license","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package."}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}