{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-03-25","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Renata Lemos","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"rlemos@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Kathryn Andrews","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"kandrews@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Roberta Gatti","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"rgatti@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Fabiano Dal-Ri","affiliation":"International Finance Corporation","email":"fdalri@ifc.org"},{"name":"Mario Macis","affiliation":"Johns Hopkins University","email":"mmacis@jhu.edu"},{"name":"Lydia Nakhone","affiliation":"Other","email":"nakhone25@gmail.com"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Management Of Healthcare Facilities And Patient Attendance During Major Disruptions: Evidence From Kenya","idno":"RR_KEN_2026_595"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"19.5"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Management Of Healthcare Facilities And Patient Attendance During Major Disruptions: Evidence From Kenya","date":"2026-03","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_KEN_2026_595","zip_package":"RR_KEN_2026_595.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-03-25","abstract":"We measure and analyze management practices in the Kenyan healthcare sector, drawing on a nationally representative survey and linked administrative data. We make two main contributions. First, we adapted the World Management Survey (WMS) to measure the quality of management practices in primary health care facilities as well as hospitals, surveying 429 PHCs and 73 hospitals, representative at the national level. PHCs are the primary point of contact for most patients, providing treatment for common infectious diseases and chronic conditions, as well as services related to maternal and child health. The survey indicates low management practice quality on average on the WMS scale and a highly compressed distribution. Second, we utilized administrative data to test the association between management quality and PHC performance, measured by outpatient attendance, during a period of disruption that included the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and a public health workers' strike. Overall attendance fell during this period. However, private facilities with better management quality suffered a smaller decline in attendance than public facilities, primarily driven by better operations management. These results underscore the resilience of well-managed private facilities in the face of healthcare crises, pointing towards the complementarity of the public and private sectors.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Kenya","code":"KEN"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Management Practices"},{"name":"Health Facilities"},{"name":"Disruption"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Management Of Healthcare Facilities And Patient Attendance During Major Disruptions: Evidence From Kenya"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Renata Lemos","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"rlemos@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Fabiano Dal-Ri","affiliation":"International Finance Corporation","email":"fdalri@ifc.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"World Bank Management Survey - Kenya","note":"World Bank Data Collection. Filenames: input\\Kenya WMS\\KenyaWMS.dta, input\\Kenya WMS\\Kenya Facility Roster.dta; input\\Hospitals WMS\\hospital_anonymized.dta. ","access_type":"Data is forthcoming in the World Bank Microdata Library.","uri":"Forthcoming at https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/","citation":"World Bank. [2021]. World Bank Management Survey - Kenya [dataset]. Forthcoming at https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/","license":"Licensed files","license_uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/terms-of-use#licensed"},{"name":"World Management Survey - Hospitals Data","note":"Source: World Management Survey. Filenames: input\\Hospitals WMS\\hospital_anonymized.dta.\nAccess procedure: Anonymized hospital-level data available upon request from the World Management Survey team. Researchers should follow the application procedures described on the WMS website.\n","uri":"https:\/\/worldmanagementsurvey.org\/","access_type":"Data access requires purchase or human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.","license":"WMS - Request Special Data Access","license_uri":"https:\/\/worldmanagementsurvey.org\/data\/request-special-data-access\/","citation":"World Management Survey. (2021). World Management Survey - Hospitals Data [dataset]. Available at https:\/\/worldmanagementsurvey.org\/"},{"name":"Health Management Information System Data - Kenya","note":"Source: Kenyan Ministry of Health. Filenames: input\\HMIS\\data for indicators from hmis team 201801_202112.csv,\ninput\\HMIS\\data for indicators from hmis team.csv, input\\HMIS\\kenya.csv,\ninput\\HMIS\\kenya_kenya_v2_201801.csv, input\\HMIS\\kenya_v2.csv.\nAccess procedure: These data are restricted-access administrative records provided directly by the\nKenyan Ministry of Health through institutional collaboration. There is currently no public access\nmechanism. Researchers seeking access should contact the Kenyan Ministry of Health to inquire about\ndata availability and access conditions.\n\n","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution, and it is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Custom license","citation":"Kenya Ministry of Health. (n.d). Health Management Information System Data Kenya [dataset]. Unpublished data. Access year: 2021.","uri":"https:\/\/kenyahmis.org\/"},{"name":"COVID Cases and Deaths Database - Kenya","note":"Source: Kenyan Ministry of Health. Filename: input\\Covid\\Covid cases and deaths database_17_08_2022.xlsx.\nAccess procedure: These data are restricted-access administrative records provided directly by the\nKenyan Ministry of Health, through institutional collaboration. There is currently no public access\nmechanism. Researchers seeking access should contact the Kenyan Ministry of Health to inquire about\ndata availability and access conditions.","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package. \n","citation":"Kenya Ministry of Health. (n.d). COVID Cases and Deaths Database Kenya [dataset]. Unpublished data. Access year: 2022.","license":"Custom license. "},{"name":"World Development Indicators","note":"Source: World Bank. File names: input\\World Bank\\API_NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD_DS2_en_csv_v2_4029331.csv, input\\World Bank\\API_SH.STA.MMRT.NE_DS2_en_csv_v2_4029776.csv, input\\World\nBank\\API_SP.DYN.IMRT.IN_DS2_en_csv_v2_4030072.csv, input\\World\nBank\\API_SP.DYN.LE00.IN_DS2_en_csv_v2_4019110.csv.\n","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","uri":" https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","citation":"World Bank. (2021). World Development Indicators [dataset]. World Bank. Available at  https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: ~4 hours.","reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:\n\n1. Secure access to the restricted and limited-access data. More details are included in the README file and data section of this entry.\n2. Adjust file paths and run the code: Update the working directory in line 13 of the do-file `main` do, and run it.\n\nNote: Since most of the data is not publicly available, the outputs produced by the replicators are included in the outputs folder. Users can use those to verify against the published paper. ","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5218 CPU @ 2.30GHz, 2300 Mhz, 4 Core(s), 4 Logical Processor(s)\n\u2022 Memory available: 8.15 GB\n\u2022 Software version: Stata 19.5 MP\n\n"},"datacite":{"creators":[{"givenName":"Renata","familyName":"Lemos","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Kathryn","familyName":"Andrews","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Roberta","familyName":"Gatti","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Fabiano","familyName":"Dal-Ri","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"International Finance Corporation"}]},{"givenName":"Mario","familyName":"Macis","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University"}]},{"givenName":"Lydia","familyName":"Nakhone","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Other"}]}],"titles":[{"lang":"en","title":"Reproducibility package for Management Of Healthcare Facilities And Patient Attendance During Major Disruptions: Evidence From Kenya"},{"title":"RR_KEN_2026_595","titleType":"Other"}],"publisher":"World Bank","publicationYear":"2026","types":{"resourceType":"Reproducibility package","resourceTypeGeneral":"Other"},"url":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/RR_KEN_2026_595","language":"en"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}