{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-04-07","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Daniel Ayalew Ali","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dali1@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Klaus Deininger","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"kdeininger@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Testing For Market Power In Agricultural Land Markets: Evidence From Ukraine","idno":"RR_UKR_2025_472"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, refer to the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata ","version":"19.5 MP"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Testing For Market Power In Agricultural Land Markets: Evidence From Ukraine","date":"2026-04","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_UKR_2025_472","zip_package":"RR_UKR_2025_472.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-04-07","abstract":"This paper uses administrative data for all agricultural land transactions in Ukraine from 2021 to 2024 to assess presence of market power. Tenant fixed effect regressions show that the same tenant paid 4% or 7.5% ($3.66 or $6.86 per ha and year) less rent for land in VCs where it already leased 10-33% or more than 33% of available land and, in the latter, entered a lease term 3.3% (5 months) longer than in VCs where it controlled below 10% of land. Such monopsonistic behavior is unaffected by conflict and, albeit less pronounced, also exists in sale markets. As secular farm size growth will increase opportunities for exercising market power, the methodology used here could help better understand determinants of land market competitiveness and offer opportunities to rationalize a panoply of policies that, while ostensibly aiming to curb market power, may achieve this objective only imperfectly. ","geographic_units":[{"name":"Ukraine","code":"UKR"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"Testing For Market Power In Agricultural Land Markets: Evidence From Ukraine"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Runtime: 12 hours.","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Daniel Ayalew Ali","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dali1@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Cadastral parcels","note":"Source: Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine.\nAccess date: September 2024 and April 2025.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\Cadaster\".\nResearchers seeking access to the data for the purpose of replicability may contact Daniel Ali (dali@worldbank.org) and Klaus Deininger (kdeininger@worldbank.org).","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine. (2025). List of cadastral parcels [dataset]. Restricted administrative data obtained directly by the study authors. Accessed in September 2024 and April 2025."},{"name":"Conflict indicators","note":"Source: Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus W. (2025).\nAccess date: April 2020 to October 2023 and February to April 2025.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\Conflict_Damage\" and \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\Conflict_Public\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0","license_uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/public-licenses?fragment=cc","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/search\/dataset\/0066913\/Remotely-sensed-and-administrative-data-to-assess-war-induced-damage-to-agricultural-cultivation-in-Ukraine","citation":"Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus W. (2025). Remotely sensed and administrative data to assess war-induced damage to agricultural cultivation in Ukraine [dataset]. World Bank Development Data Hub. Available at: https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/int\/search\/dataset\/0066913\/. Accessed in April 2020 to October 2023 and February to April 2025."},{"name":"Agricultural land sales and lease transactions","note":"Source: Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine.\nAccess date: September 2025.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\DZK_Trans\".\nResearchers seeking access to the data for the purpose of replicability may contact Daniel Ali (dali@worldbank.org) and Klaus Deininger (kdeininger@worldbank.org).","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine. (2025). Agricultural land sales and lease transactions [dataset]. Restricted administrative data obtained directly by the study authors. Accessed in September 2025."},{"name":"List of farms (individual and legal entities) from State Agrarian Registry","note":"Source: Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine.\nAccess date: November 2024.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\SAR_RRP\".\nResearchers seeking access to the data for the purpose of replicability may contact Daniel Ali (dali@worldbank.org) and Klaus Deininger (kdeininger@worldbank.org).","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine. (2024). List of farms (individual and legal entities) from State Agrarian Registry [dataset]. Restricted administrative data obtained directly by the study authors. Accessed in November 2024."},{"name":"Registry of rights","note":"Source: Ministry of Justice of Ukraine.\nAccess date: March 2025.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\NAIS\".\nResearchers seeking access to the data for the purpose of replicability may contact Daniel Ali (dali@worldbank.org) and Klaus Deininger (kdeininger@worldbank.org).","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. (2025). Registry of rights [dataset]. Restricted administrative data obtained directly by the study authors. Accessed in March 2025."},{"name":"Sinergise field boundaries","note":"Source: Area Monitoring by Sinergise.\nAccess date: March 2024.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\Sinergise\".","access_type":"Data access requires purchase or human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/area-monitoring.sinergise.com\/docs\/markers\/field-delineation\/#data-download","citation":"Sinergise. n.d. Field delineation \u2013 Area Monitoring Service documentation [dataset]. Available at: https:\/\/area-monitoring.sinergise.com\/docs\/markers\/field-delineation\/#data-download. Accessed in March 2024."},{"name":"Ukraine Crop Maps","note":"Source: National Technical University of Ukraine \u201cIgor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute\u201d (Department of Mathematical Modeling and Data Analysis); Institute of Space Research of NAS of Ukraine and SSA of Ukraine (Department of Space Information Technologies and Systems); German Institute for Development Evaluation (DEval); World Bank Group (IBRD\u2013IDA); Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine.\nAccess date: April and September 2024.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\CropCover\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/ukraine-cropmaps.com","citation":"Ukraine Crop Maps. n.d. Satellite-based crop classification maps for Ukraine [data platform]. Available at: https:\/\/ukraine-cropmaps.com. Accessed in April and September 2024."},{"name":"Village shapefiles and boundaries","note":"Source: The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Ukraine.\nAccess date: April 2024.\nFile location: \"RawData\\CropCover\\ADMIN_3.shp\" and \"RawData\\Village\\ADMIN_3.shp\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO","license_uri":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/igo\/legalcode","uri":"https:\/\/github.com\/justinelliotmeyers\/official_ukraine_administrative_boundary_shapefile\/tree\/master","citation":"United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Ukraine. n.d. Ukraine administrative boundary shapefile (ADMIN_3) [dataset]. Distributed via GitHub by Justin Elliot Meyers. Available at: https:\/\/github.com\/justinelliotmeyers\/official_ukraine_administrative_boundary_shapefile. Accessed in April 2024."},{"name":"Distance to frontline","note":"Source: Author's calculation.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\DistanceFL\".\nResearchers seeking access to the data for the purpose of replicability may contact Daniel Ali (dali@worldbank.org) and Klaus Deininger (kdeininger@worldbank.org).","access_type":"There is no documented way to access the data, and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Author's calculation. Distance to frontline [derived dataset]. Not included in the reproducibility package."},{"name":"OpenStreetMap (OSM) data","note":"Source: OpenStreetMap; Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT).\nAccess date: September 2022 and March 2024.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\OSM\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available but not included in the reproducibility package due to file size constraints.","license":"Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) v1.0","license_uri":"https:\/\/opendatacommons.org\/licenses\/odbl\/1-0\/","uri":"https:\/\/export.hotosm.org\/v3\/","citation":"OpenStreetMap contributors; Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT). n.d. OpenStreetMap data extracts generated via HOT Export Tool (v3) [dataset]. Available at: https:\/\/export.hotosm.org\/v3\/. Accessed in September 2022 and March 2024."},{"name":"Soil quality data","note":"Source: Poggio et al. (2021) and International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC).\nAccess date: October 2024.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\Soil\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available but not included in the reproducibility package due to file size constraints.","license":"Custom license","license_uri":"https:\/\/isric.euwest01.umbraco.io\/media\/pa1hrgzs\/isric_data_policy_2023mar27doi_v2024-1.pdf#disclaimer","uri":"https:\/\/files.isric.org\/soilgrids\/latest\/data\/","citation":"Poggio, L., de Sousa, L. M., Batjes, N. H., Heuvelink, G. B. M., Kempen, B., Ribeiro, E., and Rossiter, D. (2021). SoilGrids 2.0: producing soil information for the globe with quantified spatial uncertainty. SOIL, 7, 217\u2013240. Data available at: https:\/\/files.isric.org\/soilgrids\/latest\/data\/. Accessed in October 2024."},{"name":"Monthly exchange rate of the hryvnia to the US dollar","note":"Source: Authors' calculation based on data from the National Bank of Ukraine.\nAccess date: January 2025.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\ExchangeRate_NBU\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","uri":"https:\/\/bank.gov.ua\/en\/markets\/exchangerates","citation":"Authors' calculation. (2025). Monthly exchange rate of the hryvnia to the US dollar [dataset], based on official exchange rates of the hryvnia against foreign currencies from the National Bank of Ukraine. Available at: https:\/\/bank.gov.ua\/en\/markets\/exchangerates. Accessed in January 2025."},{"name":"Ukraine - Subnational Administrative Boundaries","note":"Source: The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Ukraine.\nAccess date: June 16, 2022.\nFile location: \"DataManipulation\\RawData\\OTG\".","access_type":"Data is publicly available but not included in the reproducibility package due to file size constraints.","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License","license_uri":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.en","uri":"https:\/\/data.humdata.org\/dataset\/cod-ab-ukr","citation":"United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). (2022). Ukraine \u2013 Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB) [dataset]. Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX). Available at: https:\/\/data.humdata.org\/dataset\/cod-ab-ukr. Accessed on June 16, 2022."}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz\n\u2022 Memory available: 32.0 GB","reproduction_instructions":"The replication package starts from intermediate datasets that are restricted and therefore not included in the package. These datasets were created manually in ArcGIS Pro and QGIS; information on the data construction process is available in the README. Researchers seeking access to these data for replication purposes may contact Daniel Ali (dali@worldbank.org) and Klaus Deininger (kdeininger@worldbank.org).\nOnce access to all intermediate data sources has been granted, a new user can reproduce the findings by following these steps:\n1. Adjust the file paths in the `DataManipulation\/Code\/master\u200b.do` do-file and run the code.\n2. Adjust the file paths in the `Analysis\/Code\/master\u200b.do` do-file and run the code."},"datacite":{"creators":[{"givenName":"Daniel Ayalew","familyName":"Ali","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Klaus","familyName":"Deininger","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]}],"titles":[{"lang":"en","title":"Reproducibility package for Testing For Market Power In Agricultural Land Markets: Evidence From Ukraine"},{"title":"RR_UKR_2025_472","titleType":"Other"}],"publisher":"World Bank","publicationYear":"2026","types":{"resourceType":"Reproducibility package","resourceTypeGeneral":"Other"},"url":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/RR_UKR_2025_472","language":"en"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}