{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-03-30","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Sydney Gourlay","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"sgourlay@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Federica Petruccelli","affiliation":"Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome; World Bank","email":"federica.petruccelli@uniroma1.it"},{"name":"Adriana Paolantonio","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"apaolantonio@worldbank.org"},{"name":"John Ilukor","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"jilukor@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Emanuele Clemente","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"eclemente@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for In Tablets We Trust? Validation Of The Use Of Tablet-Based Tools For Land Area Measurement In Household Surveys","idno":"RR_UGA_2026_610"},"data_statement":"Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file. Intermediate data is included in the reproducibility package and can be used to fully reproduce the results in the paper. ","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"19.5"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for In Tablets We Trust? Validation Of The Use Of Tablet-Based Tools For Land Area Measurement In Household Surveys","date":"2026-03","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_UGA_2026_610","zip_package":"RR_UGA_2026_610.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-03-30","abstract":"Accurate and scalable methods for land area measurement are essential for estimating key agricultural indicators, such as crop yields, as well as understanding agricultural relationships. A significant body of literature has demonstrated systematic bias in farmer estimates of land area, the most inexpensive option, and at the same time provided evidence supporting the use of handheld GPS units for objective measurement. Despite the successful adoption of handheld GPS measurement in many survey operations, new tablet-based tools offer potential for smoother, more cost-effective measurement of land area. Using data collected in a methodological experiment in Uganda, this study evaluates the accuracy and operational trade-offs of tablet-based area measurement tools, both with and without the support of GPS-boosting devices, relative to handheld Garmin GPS units. Findings demonstrate that both tablet-based approaches are highly correlated with handheld GPS measurements, with relatively small but statistically significant differences in means. On average, the boosted and unboosted tablet measures exhibit an absolute percentage error of approximately 11 and 12 percent, respectively, with underestimation more pervasive than overestimation. Importantly, findings highlight that even small differences in land area measurement can lead to substantial variations in yield and production estimates, underscoring the critical role of measurement method for agricultural productivity analysis and policy. From an implementation perspective, the tablet-based approach offers clear advantages, with a significantly reduced burden of data cleaning and processing compared to handheld GPS data and enumerators facing few technical challenges. ","geographic_units":[{"name":"Uganda","code":"UGA"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Household Surveys"},{"name":"Agriculture"},{"name":"Land Measurement"},{"name":"Capi Technology"}],"topics":[{"id":"C83","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Survey Methods \u2022 Sampling Methods","parent_id":"C8"},{"id":" O12","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":" Q15","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Land Ownership and Tenure \u2022 Land Reform \u2022 Land Use \u2022 Irrigation \u2022 Agriculture and Environment","parent_id":"Q1"},{"id":" C88","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Other Computer Software","parent_id":"C8"},{"id":" Q12","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets","parent_id":"Q1"},{"id":" Q24","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Land","parent_id":"Q2"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)","title":"In Tablets We Trust? Validation Of The Use Of Tablet-Based Tools For Land Area Measurement In Household Surveys","authors":"Federica Petruccelli, Sydney Gourlay, Adriana Paolantonio, Emanuele Clemente, John Ilukor"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Sydney Gourlay","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"sgourlay@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"note":"Source: Source: World Bank \u2014 Uganda Climate, Land Area, and Soil Study (CLASS). \nAccess Instructions: The raw data from this study is restricted and is not included in the public reproducibility package. Intermediate data is the starting point of the reproducibility package (Filename: dataset_main.dta) and can be used to reproduce the results in the paper.","access_type":"Data is forthcoming in the World Bank Microdata Library under a restricted license and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","name":"Uganda Climate, Land Area, and Soil Study (CLASS)","citation":"World Bank. 2024. Uganda Climate, Land Area, and Soil Study (CLASS) [dataset]. [Forthcoming]","uri":"Forthcoming at https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/","license":"Licensed Files","license_uri":"https:\/\/microdata.worldbank.org\/terms-of-use#licensed"}],"technology_requirements":"Approximate run time: ~ 1 minute. ","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5218 CPU @ 2.30GHz, 2300 Mhz, 4 Core(s), 4 Logical Processor(s)\n\u2022 Memory available: 8.15 GB\n\u2022 Software version: Stata 19.5 MP\n","reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, users must do the following:\n1. **Adjust file paths.** Open the `01_main_analysis` do-file and update the file paths to match your local environment.\n2. **Run the code.**\n\n> **Note:**  The reproducibility package begins with intermediate data (`data_main.dta`), as the raw data \n> is confidential. Replicators virtually verified the construction of this intermediate dataset \n> from the restricted raw data. The dataset `data_main.dta` included in this package as the starting \n> point for replication is the dataset produced during that virtual verification. "},"datacite":{"creators":[{"givenName":"Sydney","familyName":"Gourlay","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Federica","familyName":"Petruccelli","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Sciences and Economics, Sapienza University of Rome; World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Adriana","familyName":"Paolantonio","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"John","familyName":"Ilukor","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]},{"givenName":"Emanuele","familyName":"Clemente","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank"}]}],"titles":[{"lang":"en","title":"Reproducibility package for In Tablets We Trust? Validation Of The Use Of Tablet-Based Tools For Land Area Measurement In Household Surveys"},{"title":"RR_UGA_2026_610","titleType":"Other"}],"publisher":"World Bank","publicationYear":"2026","types":{"resourceType":"Reproducibility package","resourceTypeGeneral":"Other"},"url":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/RR_UGA_2026_610","language":"en"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted data"}],"schematype":"script"}