{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-09-08","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Antoine Deeb","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"adeeb1@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Shafkat Farabi","affiliation":"Virginia Tech","email":"mfarabi@vt.edu"},{"name":"Anja Sautman","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"asautmann@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Manuel Ramos-Maqueda","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"mramosmaqueda@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Sanmay Das","affiliation":"Virginia Tech","email":"sanmay@vt.edu"},{"name":"Wei Lu","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"wlu4@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Didac Marti Pinto","affiliation":"University College London","email":"didac.marti.pinto.19@ucl.ac.uk"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for SMaRT: Online Reusable Resource Assignment and an Application to Mediation in the Kenyan Judiciary","idno":"RR_KEN_2026_585"},"data_statement":"All data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file. ","software":[{"name":"Python","version":"3.11.15"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for SMaRT: Online Reusable Resource Assignment and an Application to Mediation in the Kenyan Judiciary","date":"2026-09","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"RR_KEN_2026_585","zip_package":"RR_KEN_2026_585.zip","dependencies":"Python dependencies are listed in requirenments.txt."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-09-08","abstract":"Motivated by the problem of assigning mediators to cases in the Kenyan judicial, we study an online resource allocation problem where incoming tasks (cases) must be immediately assigned to available, capacity-constrained resources (mediators). The resources differ in their quality, which may need to be learned. In addition, resources can only be assigned to a subset of tasks that overlaps to varying degrees with the subset of tasks other resources can be assigned to. The objective is to maximize task completion while satisfying soft capacity constraints across all the resources. The scale of the real-world problem poses substantial challenges, since there are over 2000 mediators and a multitude of combinations of geographic locations (87) and case types (12) that each mediator is qualified to work on. Together, these features, unknown quality of new resources, soft capacity constraints, and a high-dimensional state space, make existing scheduling and resource allocation algorithms either inapplicable or inefficient. We formalize the problem in a tractable manner using a quadratic program formulation for assignment and a multi-agent bandit-style framework for learning. We demonstrate the key properties and advantages of our new algorithm, SMaRT (Selecting Mediators that are Right for the Task), compared with baselines on stylized instances of the mediator allocation problem. We then consider its application to real-world data on cases and mediators from the Kenyan judiciary. SMaRT outperforms baselines and allows control over the tradeoff between the strictness of capacity constraints and overall case resolution rates, both in settings where mediator quality is known beforehand and in bandit-like settings where learning is part of the problem definition. On the strength of these results, we plan to run a randomized controlled trial with SMaRT in the judiciary in the near future.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Kenya","code":"KEN"}],"output":[{"type":"Working Paper","description":"Policy Research Working Paper (PRWP)","title":"SMaRT: Online Reusable Resource Assignment and an Application to Mediation in the Kenyan Judiciary"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Run time with intermediate data: ~ 90 minutes. \nTotal run time: ~ 640 hours","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"MIT License","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/mit"},{"name":"World Bank IGO Rider","uri":"https:\/\/github.com\/worldbank\/metadata-editor\/blob\/main\/WB-IGO-RIDER.md"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Antoine Deeb","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"adeeb1@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Kenyan Judiciary Court Annexed Mediation (CAM) Administrative Data","note":"Files: vw_deidentified_case_w_appointer_20250729.csv (accessed July 29, 2025), vw_all_mediators_20250729.csv (accessed July 29, 2025), cases_raw_07012025.csv (accessed July 1, 2025), data_casetype_20250729.csv (accessed July 29, 2025), data_accreditationcategory_20250729.csv (accessed July 29, 2025), data_casetype_eligible_accreditation_categories_20250729.csv (accessed July 29, 2025). Located in param_files\/ (and cases_raw_07012025.csv at the package root). Anonymized administrative records of 30,633 mediation cases from 2016-2025, covering case arrivals, mediator assignments, 13 case-type categories, 87 court stations, case conclusion dates, mediation outcomes, mediator accreditations, and station preferences for approximately 2,100 mediators. All personally identifying information about mediators and parties has been removed. Casetypes_parameters_lognormal.xlsx (log-normal case-resolution-time parameters) is derived by the authors from vw_deidentified_case_w_appointer_20250729.csv and is not a separate raw data source. ","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Proprietary","citation":"Kenyan Judiciary. 2025. \"Court Annexed Mediation Administrative Data, 2016-2025\" [dataset]. Accessed July 1-29, 2025."}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ (2.80 GHz) (2 processors)\n\u2022 Memory available: 128.0 GB","reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:\n1. **Secure Access to Data:** Access the datasets not included in the package. See the Datasets section for more details.\n2. **Run the Package (Workflow A):**\n    - Restore the environment in `requirenments.txt`.\n    - Run the notebooks: `reproduce_exp_one_click_QP.ipynb`; `reproduce_exp_one_click_LP_refinedC5.ipynb`; `sensitivity_analysis_of_VA_esitmation.ipynb`.\n\nRefer to the instructions in the README for details on Workflow B. Since no data is included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper."},"datacite":{"creators":[{"givenName":"Antoine","familyName":"Deeb","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Shafkat","familyName":"Farabi","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02smfhw86","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Anja","familyName":"Sautman","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Manuel","familyName":"Ramos-Maqueda","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Sanmay","familyName":"Das","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02smfhw86","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Wei","familyName":"Lu","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Didac Marti","familyName":"Pinto","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jx3x895","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]}],"titles":[{"lang":"en","title":"Reproducibility package for SMaRT: Online Reusable Resource Assignment and an Application to Mediation in the Kenyan Judiciary"},{"title":"RR_KEN_2026_585","titleType":"Other"}],"publisher":"World Bank","publicationYear":"2026","types":{"resourceType":"Reproducibility package","resourceTypeGeneral":"Other"},"url":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/RR_KEN_2026_585","language":"en"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}