{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-10-08","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Diego M. Sourrouille","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dsourrouille@worldbankgroup.org"},{"name":"Davide Salvatore Mare","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dmare@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Jose Marzluf","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"jmarzluf@worldbankgroup.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Global Financial Development Indicators and Indices Database","idno":"FR_WLD_2026_770"},"data_statement":"The package relies on three types of data: publicly available, accessible, and proprietary data. For the source, access type, file location, and citation of each dataset, refer to the Datasets section and the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"18 MP"},{"name":"Excel"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Global Financial Development Indicators and Indices Database","date":"2026-10","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"FR_WLD_2026_770","zip_package":"FR_WLD_2026_770.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-10-08","abstract":"Global Financial Development Indicators and Indices Database (FinData) is an annually updated World Bank Group database that measures the depth, access, efficiency, and stability of financial systems across banks, non-bank financial institutions, equity markets, and debt markets in up to 218 economies.","geographic_units":[{"name":"World","code":"WLD"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Financial Sector Development"},{"name":"Financial Access"},{"name":"Financial Inclusion"},{"name":"Financial Stability"},{"name":"Financial Efficiency"},{"name":"Financial Depth"},{"name":"Finance And Growth"}],"topics":[{"id":"G10","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"General \u2022 General Financial Markets","parent_id":"G1"},{"id":"G20","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"General  \u2022 Financial Institutions and Services","parent_id":"G2"},{"id":"O16","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Financial Markets \u2022 Saving and Capital Investment \u2022 Corporate Finance and Governance","parent_id":"O1"},{"id":"O40","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"General \u2022 Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity","parent_id":"O4"}],"output":[{"type":"Flagship or other report","description":"Data product","title":"Global Financial Development Indicators and Indices Database"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"MIT License","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/mit"},{"name":"World Bank IGO Rider","uri":"https:\/\/github.com\/worldbank\/metadata-editor\/blob\/main\/WB-IGO-RIDER.md"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Diego M. Sourrouille","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dsourrouille@worldbankgroup.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Country Code Crosswalks Data","note":"Filenames: axcotocncode.dta; AEEM.dta; BISCountryCodes2025.csv; ess_cncode_2025.dta; remittancescncode.dta; pitch_cncode.dta; sus_to_cncode.dta; core_variable_map.xlsx (raw_data folder). Own elaboration by the authors. Used to merge source country codes with World Bank country codes and to map core variables to the indices.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","citation":"Authors' compilation. 2026. Country Code Crosswalks Data [dataset]. World Bank, Global Financial Development Indicators and Indices Database."},{"name":"World Development Indicators","note":"Filenames: P_Data_Extract_From_World_Development_Indicators.xlsx; WDI stockm.xlsx; listedpop.xlsx (raw_data folder). GDP, stock market variables (SCOSEX01-SCOSEX03) and listed companies per 10 million adults (SCOSEX04). Accessed Dec 2025 - Jan 2026.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)","citation":"World Bank. (2026). World Development Indicators [dataset]. https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/home. Accessed 2025-12. ","uri":"https:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/home","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/ext\/en\/legal\/terms-conditions\/datasets"},{"name":"World Economic Outlook and Annual National Accounts","note":"Filenames: weo_oct2025.dta; dataset_2025-12-08T22_52_15.386814242Z_DEFAULT_INTEGRATION_IMF.STA_ANEA_6.0.1.csv; gdp_chk.csv; imf_findi_xr.dta; replacement_noneuro_gdp.dta (raw_data folder). Used with WDI to build GDP_lcu_usd, the GDP series used to compute ratios over GDP. Accessed Dec 2025.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"IMF Terms of Use","citation":"International Monetary Fund. (2026). World Economic Outlook, October 2025; Annual National Accounts [dataset]. https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.RES:WEO. Accessed 2025-12.","uri":"https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.RES:WEO","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/about\/copyright-and-terms"},{"name":"Debt Securities and Consolidated Banking Statistics","note":"Filenames: WS_DEBT_SEC2_PUB_csv_col.csv; WS_CBS_PUB_csv_col.csv (raw_data folder). Variables SCOBIS01-SCOBIS03. Accessed Oct 2025.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"BIS Terms of Use","citation":"Bank for International Settlements. Debt securities statistics; Consolidated banking statistics [dataset]. https:\/\/data.bis.org\/bulkdownload. Accessed 2025-10.","uri":"https:\/\/data.bis.org\/bulkdownload","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.bis.org\/about\/terms-conditions#Copyright_and_Permissions"},{"name":"World Bank Enterprise Surveys","note":"Filenames: New_Comprehensive_November_24_2025.dta; ES-Indicators-Database-Global-Methodology_July_28_2026.dta (raw_data folder). Variables SCOESS01, SCOESS02, SSUESS01-SSUESS03. Accessed Dec 2025 and Jul 2026. Users need to follow the link and download the Indicators Database - Global Methodology and Standardized Raw Database, and place it in the appropriate folder. ","access_type":"Data is publicly available, but does not allow redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Enterprise Surveys Terms of Use","citation":"World Bank. (2026). Enterprise Surveys [dataset]. https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\/en\/enterprisesurveys. Accessed 2026-07.","uri":"https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\/en\/enterprisesurveys"},{"name":"Financial Soundness Indicators","note":"Filenames: dataset_2025-11-14T16_38_02.372016992Z_DEFAULT_INTEGRATION_IMF.STA_FSIC_13.0.1.csv (raw_data folder). Variables SCOFSI01, SCOFSI02, SSUFSI01, SSUFSI02. Accessed Nov 2025.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"IMF Terms of Use","citation":"International Monetary Fund. (2025). Financial Soundness Indicators [dataset]. https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.STA:FSIC. Accessed 2025-11.","uri":"https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.STA:FSIC","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/about\/copyright-and-terms"},{"name":"Global Findex Database 2025","note":"Filenames: GlobalFindexDatabase2025.dta (raw_data folder). Variables SCOFIN01-SCOFIN03, SSUFIN01.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)","citation":"World Bank. 2025. The Global Findex Database 2025 [dataset].","uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/publication\/globalfindex","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/ext\/en\/legal\/terms-conditions\/datasets"},{"name":"Financial Access Survey","note":"Filenames: dataset_2025-11-19T21_19_59.126783259Z_DEFAULT_INTEGRATION_IMF.STA_FAS_4.0.0.csv (raw_data folder). Variables SSUFAS01-SSUFAS06. Accessed Nov 2025.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"IMF Terms of Use","citation":"International Monetary Fund. (2025). Financial Access Survey [dataset]. https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.STA:FAS. Accessed 2025-11.","uri":"https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.STA:FAS","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/about\/copyright-and-terms"},{"name":"Remittance Prices Worldwide","note":"Filenames: Cost of Sending USD 200 to selected countries 2008 - Q3 2024.xlsx (raw_data folder). Variable SSUREM01. Accessed Mar 2026.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)","citation":"World Bank. (2026). Remittance Prices Worldwide [dataset]. https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0037898\/Remittance-Prices-Worldwide. Accessed 2026-03.","uri":"https:\/\/datacatalog.worldbank.org\/search\/dataset\/0037898\/Remittance-Prices-Worldwide","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/ext\/en\/legal\/terms-conditions\/datasets"},{"name":"Monetary and Financial Statistics","note":"Filenames: dataset_2026-02-19T18_27_13.370156652Z_DEFAULT_INTEGRATION_IMF.STA_MFS_NSRF_1.0.3.csv; dataset_2026-02-19T17_18_38.069408059Z_DEFAULT_INTEGRATION_IMF.STA_MFS_ODC_10.0.0.csv; dataset_2026-08-10T15_22_45.200199385Z_DEFAULT_INTEGRATION_IMF.STA_MFS_IR_9.0.0.csv; deposits_finstats.dta (raw_data folder). Private credit, public credit, deposits, total assets, credit to deposits and lending-deposit spread (SCOIMF01, SCOIMF02, SSUIMF01-SSUIMF03, SSUIRS01). deposits_finstats.dta contains historical deposits from FinStats. Accessed Feb and Aug 2026.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"IMF Terms of Use","citation":"International Monetary Fund. (2026). Monetary and Financial Statistics [dataset]. https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.STA:MFS_ODC. Accessed 2026-02.","uri":"https:\/\/data.imf.org\/en\/datasets\/IMF.STA:MFS_ODC","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/about\/copyright-and-terms"},{"name":"European Central Bank Total Assets Data","note":"Filenames: bankdataecb.csv; ECB Data Portal long_20260714184946.xlsx; assets_cb.xlsx (raw_data folder). Used with IMF MFS data for bank total assets (SCOIMF02). Accessed Jul 2026.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"ECB Terms of Use","citation":"European Central Bank. (2026). ECB Data Portal [dataset]. https:\/\/data.ecb.europa.eu\/. Accessed 2026-07.","uri":"https:\/\/data.ecb.europa.eu\/","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.ecb.europa.eu\/services\/using-our-site\/disclaimer\/html\/index.en.html"},{"name":"Sovereign Debt Investor Base","note":"Filename: Database_For_Posting_EM_Frozen.xlsx (raw_data folder). Total debt in local currency (SCOIMF03). Accessed Feb 2026.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"IMF Terms of Use","citation":"Arslanalp, S., and T. Tsuda. 2014. Tracking Global Demand for Advanced Economy \/ Emerging Market Sovereign Debt. IMF Working Papers [dataset]. Accessed 2026-02.","uri":"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/publications\/wp\/issues\/2016\/12\/31\/tracking-global-demand-for-emerging-market-sovereign-debt-41399"},{"name":"Factors Chain International Annual Review ","note":"Filenames: 2024_factoring.dta; Pages from FCI Annual Review 2025.xlsx; euro_fxrates.dta (raw_data folder). Factoring volume to GDP (SSUOTH02). Accessed Aug 2026.","access_type":"Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Public","citation":"Factors Chain International. (2026). Annual Review [dataset]. https:\/\/fci.nl\/en\/annual-review?language_content_entity=en. Accessed 2026-08.","uri":"https:\/\/fci.nl\/en\/annual-review?language_content_entity=en"},{"name":"Solifi Global Leasing Report","note":"Filenames: leasing_2025.xlsx; leasing_2026.xlsx; 2024_leasing.dta (raw_data folder). Global leasing volume to GDP (SSUOTH01). Public, registration required. Accessed Aug 2026.","access_type":"The data are publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Public, registration required","citation":"Authors' compilation. 2026. Solifi Global Leasing Report [dataset]. Based on the Solifi Global Leasing Report.","uri":"https:\/\/www.solifi.com\/lease-and-loan-pricing\/"},{"name":"AXCO Insurance Market Reports","note":"Filenames: axco_gdp.xlsx; life.xlsx; nonlife.xlsx; Axco-Navigator-Data-Pivot-2026-03-12T19-25-44.xlsx (raw_data folder). Insurance premiums and losses (SSUAXC01-SSUAXC03). Private subscription through the World Bank Library. Accessed Nov 2025 and Mar 2026. Users must obtain access from the provider and place the files in the raw_data folder. See the data_hash_report.csv to see the data file location. ","access_type":"Data is proprietary and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Proprietary","citation":"AXCO. (2026). AXCO Insurance Market Reports [dataset]. https:\/\/www.axcoinfo.com\/. Accessed 2026-03.","uri":"https:\/\/www.axcoinfo.com\/"},{"name":"Dealogic Bond and Loan Issuance Data","note":"Filenames: Issuance_Year.csv; bond_master.dta; sustainable_bonds.xlsx; sustainable_linked_bonds.xlsx; sustainable_loans.xlsx; sustainable_linked_loans.xlsx (raw_data folder). Bond issuance, issuers of corporate debt, and sustainable issuance (SCODEA01-SCODEA03, SSUSUS01-SSUSUS04). Private subscription (Dealogic Cortex). Accessed 2026. Users must obtain access from the provider and place the files in the raw_data folder. See data_hash_report.csv for the data file location. ","access_type":"Data is proprietary and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Proprietary","citation":"Dealogic. Dealogic Bond and Loan Issuance Data [dataset]. Accessed 2026-08."},{"name":"Fitch Connect Data","note":"Filenames: cb_unconso_database.dta; nbfi_unconso_database.dta (raw_data folder). Bank and NBFI profitability, efficiency, and stability (SCOFIT01-SCOFIT04, SSUFIT10-SSUFIT14). Private subscription. Accessed Dec 2025. Users must obtain access from the provider and place the files in the raw_data folder. See data_hash_report.csv for the data file location. ","access_type":"Data is proprietary and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Proprietary","citation":"Fitch Solutions. (2025). Fitch Connect [dataset]. https:\/\/www.fitchratings.com\/products#fitch-ratings-pro-platform. Accessed 2025-12.","uri":"https:\/\/www.fitchratings.com\/products#fitch-ratings-pro-platform"},{"name":"Bloomberg Market Data","note":"Filenames: equity_volatility.xlsx; for free float.xlsx; govbonds.xlsx (raw_data folder). Stock price volatility, free float, and 5-year government bond bid-ask spread (SCOBBG01-SCOBBG03). Bloomberg Terminal. Accessed Apr and Sep 2026. Users must obtain access from the provider and place the files in the raw_data folder. See data_hash_report.csv for the data file location. ","access_type":"Data is proprietary and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Proprietary","citation":"Bloomberg L.P. (2026). Bloomberg Market Data [dataset]. https:\/\/professional.bloomberg.com\/products\/bloomberg-terminal\/. Accessed 2026-09.","uri":"https:\/\/professional.bloomberg.com\/products\/bloomberg-terminal\/"},{"name":"PitchBook Private Equity and Venture Capital","note":"Filenames: eqpitch_data.xlsx; vcpitch_data.xlsx (raw_data folder). Private equity and venture capital investment and company counts (SCOPIT01-SCOPIT04). Private subscription through the World Bank Library. Accessed Apr. and Jul. 2026. Users must obtain access from the provider and place the files in the raw_data folder. See data_hash_report.csv for the data file location. ","access_type":"Data is proprietary and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Proprietary","citation":"PitchBook. (2026). PitchBook Platform [dataset]. https:\/\/pitchbook.com\/. Accessed 2026-07.","uri":"https:\/\/pitchbook.com\/"},{"name":"Non-Bank Financial Institution (NBFI) Assets Data","note":"Filenames: insurance_assets_update.xlsx; Pensions update.xlsx; mutual_funds_update.xlsx (all in the raw_data folder).\nVariables: Insurance, pension fund, and mutual fund assets to GDP (SCONBF01-SCONBF03).\nSources: Compiled from FinStats, AXCO, OECD, ECB, FIAP, AIOS, ICI, and national sources. Some sources are private subscriptions, so users must obtain access from the provider and place the files in the raw_data folder. See data_hash_report.csv for the data file location.\nThe dataset was compiled by the authors from multiple licensed datasets that do not allow redistribution. A full list of the variables included and their specific sources is provided in the README. If you have questions about the dataset, please contact one of the authors at: dsourrouille@worldbankgroup.org.","access_type":"Data is proprietary and is not included in the reproducibility package. ","license":"Proprietary","citation":"Author's compilation. (2026). Non-Bank Financial Institution (NBFI) Assets Data [dataset]. Based on AXCO, OECD, ECB, FIAP, AIOS, ICI, and national sources. Accessed 2026."}],"reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the output datasets, a replicator must:\n1. **Secure access to the data.**: Obtain accessible and proprietary datasets and place them in the `raw_data` folder. The `data_hash_report.csv` lists the expected file names and locations. See the Datasets section for more details.\n2. **Run the master script.** Open the `01 Fin Data codemaster` do file in the `code` folder, update the directory on line 10, and run the script. Stata dependencies are in the `ado` folder.\n**Note:** Some of the datasets are proprietary. The final datasets cannot be fully reproduced without access to them, but the final datasets produced by the replicators are included in the `processed_data` folder.","technology_requirements":"Runtime: ~ 2 minutes","technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8562Y+ (2 processors)\n\u2022 Memory available: 128 GB\n\u2022 Software version: Stata 18 MP"},"datacite":{"creators":[{"givenName":"Diego M.","familyName":"Sourrouille","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Davide Salvatore","familyName":"Mare","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Jose Marzluf","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","name":"World Bank","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]}],"titles":[{"lang":"en","title":"Reproducibility package for Global Financial Development Indicators and Indices Database"},{"title":"FR_WLD_2026_770","titleType":"Other"}],"publisher":"World Bank","publicationYear":"2026","types":{"resourceType":"Reproducibility package","resourceTypeGeneral":"Other"},"url":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/FR_WLD_2026_770","language":"en"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}