{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","abbr":"DECDI","affiliation":"World Bank - Development Impact Department","role":"Verification and preparation of metadata"}],"prod_date":"2026-10-16","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Martin Abel","affiliation":"Bowdoin College","email":"m.abel@bowdoin.edu"},{"name":"Eliana Carranza","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"ecarranza@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Kimberly Geronimo","affiliation":"Labor Mobility Partnerships","email":"kgeronimo@lampforum.org"},{"name":"Maria Elena Ortega","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"mortegahesles@worldbank.org"}],"title_statement":{"title":"Reproducibility package for Can Temporary Wage Incentives Increase Formal Employment? Experimental Evidence From Mexico","idno":"PP_MEX_2026_768"},"data_statement":"The reproducibility package relies on 3 types of data: open, limited-access (Forthcoming to World Bank Microdata Library as licensed dataset), and restricted data (available only from the data owners). For the source, access type, file location, and citation of each dataset, refer to the Datasets section and the README file.","software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"19.5"}],"scripts":[{"title":"Reproducibility package for Can Temporary Wage Incentives Increase Formal Employment? Experimental Evidence From Mexico","date":"2026-10","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.","instructions":"See README in reproducibility package.","file_name":"PP_MEX_2026_768","zip_package":"PP_MEX_2026_768.zip","dependencies":"Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder."}],"repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank)","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"production_date":"2026-10-16","abstract":"Formal sector entry-level jobs in Mexico offer low starting salaries but substantial wage growth. This paper experimentally tests whether a six-month wage incentive can increase formal employment among secondary school graduates. Combining survey and high-frequency social security data, the paper shows that the incentive increases formal employment among vocational school graduates by 4.2 percentage points (14.5%) over the first two years, driven by a 5 percentage point (25%) increase in permanent formal jobs. These employment gains are due to both extensive and intensive margin effects. We identify a reduction in reservation wages as the key mechanism behind the treatment effects.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Mexico","code":"MEX"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Youth Employment"},{"name":"Wage Subsidy"},{"name":"Formal Employment"},{"name":"Reservation Wages"}],"topics":[{"id":"J08","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Labor Economics Policies","parent_id":"J0"},{"id":" J24","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Human Capital \u2022 Skills \u2022 Occupational Choice \u2022 Labor Productivity","parent_id":"J2"},{"id":" J41","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Labor Contracts","parent_id":"J4"},{"id":" J46","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Informal Labor Markets","parent_id":"J4"},{"id":" J63","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)","name":"Turnover \u2022 Vacancies \u2022 Layoffs","parent_id":"J6"}],"output":[{"type":"Journal Article","description":"Journal Articles","title":"Can Temporary Wage Incentives Increase Formal Employment? Experimental Evidence From Mexico"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"technology_requirements":"Run time: ~ 20 minutes","disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","license":[{"name":"MIT License","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/mit"},{"name":"World Bank IGO Rider","uri":"https:\/\/github.com\/worldbank\/metadata-editor\/blob\/main\/WB-IGO-RIDER.md"}],"contacts":[{"name":"Martin Abel","affiliation":"Bowdoin College","email":"m.abel@bowdoin.edu"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"datasets":[{"name":"Registros Administrativos del IMSS, January 2017 to May 2021","note":"File locations: Data Raw\/IMSS_rawdata_jan2017_may2021_xCurp.csv; Data Raw\/IMSS_rawdata_jan2017_may2021_xCurpquasi.csv; Data Raw\/imss_preperiod_outcomes_short.v1.dta (pre-treatment monthly employment outcomes derived from an earlier IMSS extract provided through the same channel; used in a4_BL & EL Master Merge_AEJ.do for the pre-treatment trends in Figure 3). Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) employment and wage records for the study participants, matched by CURP (Mexican personal identification number) and provided by the Servicio Nacional de Empleo (SNE) to the research team through a World Bank research collaboration with the Government of Mexico, for impact evaluation purposes only. The records contain personally identifiable information and cannot be redistributed. Because the match relies on participants' personal identifiers, the dataset cannot be independently re-created by other researchers. Use is limited to the purposes of the data sharing agreement. Main extract (January 2017 to May 2021) accessed September 2021. Processed data is included in the package.","access_type":"Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners\/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.","license":"Custom License (data sharing agreement; not redistributable)","citation":"SNE (Servicio Nacional de Empleo). 2021. \"Registros Administrativos del IMSS, January 2017 to May 2021\" [dataset]. Restricted microdata provided through a World Bank research collaboration with the Government of Mexico. Accessed September 2021."},{"name":"Baseline and Endline Surveys, San Luis Potosi, Mexico (2019 and 2021)","note":"Primary data collected by the research team. Participants were recruited through schools in San Luis Potosi, Mexico, and surveyed in 2019 (baseline) and 2021 (endline). File locations (Data Raw\/): Baseline MYLMI 2019_npi.xlsx; Endline MYLMI 2021_npi.xlsx (in-person\/phone); Endline MYLMI 2021_phone2_npi v2.xlsx (second phone wave); five Qualtrics endline files (Endline Qualtrics - 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B and 3, August 26, 2021); Treatment_assignment.dta; Treatment_assignment_school.dta; Escuela_anonym.dta (anonymized school identifiers). The raw files contain personally identifiable information and are not included in the public deposit. The survey data are in the process of being published on the World Bank Microdata Library under restricted access. Anonymized derived files are included in Data Clean\/. ","access_type":"Data is forthcoming in the World Bank Microdata Library.","license":"Custom License","citation":"Carranza, Eliana, and Martin Abel. 2026. \"Can Temporary Wage Incentives Increase Formal Employment? Experimental Evidence from Mexico.\" World Bank Microdata Library, Project ID 3290.\n"},{"name":"Encuesta Nacional de Ocupaci\u00f3n y Empleo (ENOE), poblaci\u00f3n de 15 a\u00f1os y m\u00e1s de edad","note":"File locations: Raw ENOE dta\/[YYYY]trim[Q]_dta\/ for each quarter from 2016 Q1 to 2019 Q4 (16 folders, each with the INEGI quarterly tables COE1, COE2, HOG, SDEM and VIV; the code reads COE1 and HOG); Raw ENOE dta\/SDEM\/SDEMT161.dta to SDEMT194.dta (16 SDEM files, read by the code). Download the Stata (.dta) microdata for each quarter from the INEGI site (Datos abiertos \/ Microdatos), no registration required, and place the files in the folder structure above. The raw files exceed 20 GB and are not included in the public deposit. The derived file wagesubsidy_ENOE_AEJ.dta is built from these files by 06 ENOE_clean_merge_AEJ.do and included in the package.. Accessed June 2021.","access_type":"Data is publicly available but not included in the reproducibility package due to file size constraints.","license":"INEGI Terms of Free Use (T\u00e9rminos de Libre Uso de la Informaci\u00f3n del INEGI)","license_uri":"https:\/\/www.inegi.org.mx\/inegi\/terminos.html","uri":"https:\/\/www.inegi.org.mx\/programas\/enoe\/15ymas\/","citation":"INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda). 2016 to 2019. \"Encuesta Nacional de Ocupaci\u00f3n y Empleo (ENOE), poblaci\u00f3n de 15 a\u00f1os y m\u00e1s de edad\" [dataset]. https:\/\/www.inegi.org.mx\/programas\/enoe\/15ymas\/. Accessed June 2021."}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:\n\u2022 OS: Windows 11 Enterprise\n\u2022 Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ 2.80 GHz (2 processors)\n\u2022 Memory available: 32.0 GB","reproduction_instructions":"To reproduce the findings from the **intermediate data**,  Update the working directory in `wagesubsidy_analysis_AEJ.do`, and run it.\n\nTo reproduce the findings from the **raw data**, a replicator must:\n1. **Secure Access to Data:** Access the datasets not included in the package. See the Datasets section for more details.\n2. **Secure Access to un-redacted code:** Access the code not included in the package. See the README for more details.\n3. **Run the Package:** Update the working directory in line 24 of the do-file `master_dofile_AEJ.do.`, and run it.\n\nSince not all the data is included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper.\n"},"datacite":{"creators":[{"givenName":"Martin","familyName":"Abel","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowdoin College","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03gh96r95","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Eliana","familyName":"Carranza","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]},{"givenName":"Kimberly","familyName":"Geronimo","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"Labor Mobility Partnerships"}]},{"givenName":"Maria Elena","familyName":"Ortega","nameType":"Personal","affiliation":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliationIdentifier":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ae7jd04","affiliationIdentifierScheme":"ROR","schemeUri":"https:\/\/ror.org"}]}],"titles":[{"lang":"en","title":"Reproducibility package for Can Temporary Wage Incentives Increase Formal Employment? Experimental Evidence From Mexico"},{"title":"PP_MEX_2026_768","titleType":"Other"}],"publisher":"World Bank","publicationYear":"2026","types":{"resourceType":"Reproducibility package","resourceTypeGeneral":"Other"},"url":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org\/index.php\/catalog\/study\/PP_MEX_2026_768","language":"en"},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"},{"tag":"Open Code"},{"tag":"Restricted Data"}],"schematype":"script"}