{"type":"script","doc_desc":{"producers":[{"name":"San Martin","abbr":"LESM","affiliation":"World Bank","role":"Junior data scientist"}],"prod_date":"2023-11-28","version":"1"},"project_desc":{"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Miriam Bruhn","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"mbruhn@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Asli Demirguc-Kunt","affiliation":"Center for Global Development","email":"ademirguckunt@gmail.com"},{"name":"Dorothe Singer","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"dsinger@worldbank.org"}],"output":[{"type":"Working paper","title":"Government Support and Firm Performance during COVID-19","description":"Policy Research Working Paper (PRWP) 10641","authors":"Miriam Bruhn, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, Dorothe Singer","doi":" https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1596\/1813-9450-10641","uri":"https:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/en\/publication\/documents-reports\/documentdetail\/099404412122317205\/idu0d4cdf5830014b043cf0801e03451560fd5f5"}],"datasets":[{"name":"World Bank Enterprise Surveys (ES)","note":"- COVID19 Follow-up ES (Indicators), May 9, 2022 (COVID-ES-Follow-up-Indicators-Database_May_09_2022.dta)\n- ES TFP Estimates and Factor Ratios, July 18, 2022 (Firm Level TFP Estimates and Factor Ratios_July_18_2022.dta)\n- ES Comprehensive, July 18, 2022 (New_Comprehensive_July_18_2022.dta)\n","uri":"https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\/"},{"name":"Bertelsmann Stiftung Transformation Index (BTI)","uri":"https:\/\/bti-project.org\/en\/downloads","note":"Data was acquired on May 2021. Corresponding file: bti_2020.dta"},{"name":"Europe and Central Asia income classification data","note":"Data was acquired on May 2021. Corresponding file: Subregion_ECA.dta","uri":"https:\/\/datahelpdesk.worldbank.org\/knowledgebase\/articles\/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups"}],"software":[{"name":"Stata","version":"17.0"}],"scripts":[{"file_name":"RR_ECA_2023_PRWP_42-v01","zip_package":"RR_ECA_2023_PRWP_42-v01.zip","title":"Reproducibility package for Government Support and Firm Performance during COVID-19","date":"2023-11","software":"Stata","dependencies":"estout, xmltab, asdoc","notes":"Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DIME) Analytics team, World Bank."}],"title_statement":{"idno":"RR_ECA_2023_PRWP_42-v01","title":"Reproducibility package for Government Support and Firm Performance during COVID-19"},"production_date":"2023-11","abstract":"This paper assesses the medium-run effects of government support to firms during the COVID-19 crisis and whether the effectiveness of this support varied with its timing. Using data from three rounds of the World Bank\u2019s Enterprise Surveys COVID-19 Follow-up Surveys carried out between May 2020 and April 2022, it relates government support in Round 1 (received in the first half of 2020) and 2 (received during the second half of 2020 or early 2021) with firm performance in Round 3 (generally mid-2021). Controlling for a host of background characteristics, firms that received support in Round 1 performed better in terms of Round 3 sales, but only if they did not have continued support. Firms that also received support in Round 2 had similar Round 3 sales to those who received no support and were more likely to decrease employment. Firms that received government support only in Round 2 experienced no boost in Round 3 performance. The findings suggest that government support should be provided promptly, but it should also be phased out quickly.","geographic_units":[{"name":"Eastern and Central Asia","code":"ECA"}],"keywords":[{"name":"Government support"},{"name":"COVID-19"},{"name":"Productivity"},{"name":"Firms"},{"name":"Europe and Central Asia (ECA)"}],"topics":[{"id":"D22","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"JEL Classification","name":"Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis"},{"id":"D24","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"JEL Classification","name":"Production \u2022 Cost \u2022 Capital \u2022 Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity \u2022 Capacity"},{"id":"H81","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"JEL Classification","name":"Governmental Loans \u2022 Loan Guarantees \u2022 Credits \u2022 Grants \u2022 Bailouts"},{"id":"O47","uri":"https:\/\/www.aeaweb.org\/econlit\/jelCodes.php?view=jel","vocabulary":"JEL Classification","name":"Empirical Studies of Economic Growth \u2022 Aggregate Productivity \u2022 Cross-Country Output Convergence"}],"language":[{"name":"English","code":"EN"}],"data_statement":"All data is public and included in the reproducibility package.","repository_uri":[{"name":"Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) ","uri":"https:\/\/reproducibility.worldbank.org"}],"technology_environment":"Paper exhibits were reproduced in two computers with the following specifications:\nComputer 1:\n\u2013 OS: Windows 10 Enterprise, version 21H2\n\u2013 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.9GHz\n\u2013 Memory available: 128 GB\n\u2013 Software version: Stata 18.0 MP\nComputer 2:\n\u2013 OS: Windows 10 Enterprise, version 21H2\n\u2013 Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU @ 2.9GHz\n\u2013 Memory available: 16 GB\n\u2013 Software version: Stata 17.0 MP","technology_requirements":"Runtime: 5 minutes","reproduction_instructions":"Follow instructions in the README to reproduce the results.","license":[{"name":"Modified BSD3","uri":"https:\/\/opensource.org\/license\/bsd-3-clause\/"}],"contacts":[{"affiliation":"World Bank","name":"Miriam Bruhn","email":"mbruhn@worldbank.org"},{"name":"Reproducibility WBG","affiliation":"World Bank","email":"reproducibility@worldbank.org"}],"disclaimer":"The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development\/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.","identifiers":[{"type":"DOI","identifier":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.60572\/29ke-2k09"}]},"tags":[{"tag":"DOI"}],"schematype":"script"}