Home / Repository / FR / FR_IND_2026_631
fr

Reproducibility package for India’s Long-Term Poverty Trend, 2011-12 To 2023-24

2026
Get Reproducibility Package
Reference ID
FR_IND_2026_631
Author(s)
Diego Lestani, Nancy Puranbhai Devpura, Maria Fernanda Gonzalez Icaza, Nishtha Kochhar, Nandini Krishnan, Utz Pape, Ayago Wambile
Collections
Flagships and Reports
Metadata
JSON
Created on
Apr 23, 2026
Last modified
Apr 24, 2026
Page views
10
Downloads
4
  • Overview
  • Reproducibility Package
  • Description
  • Scope and coverage
  • Disclaimer
  • Access and rights
  • Contacts
  • Information on metadata

    • Overview

    Abstract

    With the release of the official 2023-24 Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES), the World Bank is updating the long-term poverty trends for India. Given the substantial similarities in survey design and questionnaire structure with the 2022-23 HCES, the revised poverty estimation methodology adopted in World Bank (2025) has been applied consistently to the new survey round. Poverty estimates are calculated relative to the international poverty lines (IPLs) of $3.00 per person per day (extreme poverty line) and $4.20 per person per day (poverty line for lower-middle-income countries, LMIC), both expressed in 2021 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms. This note presents the updated long-term poverty trends from 2011 to 2023.

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    Get Reproducibility Package
    File name
    FR_IND_2026_631
    Zip package
    FR_IND_2026_631.zip
    Title
    Reproducibility package for India’s Long-Term Poverty Trend, 2011-12 To 2023-24
    Date
    2026-04
    Dependencies
    Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder.
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Name
    Stata
    Version
    18 MP

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
    • Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ 2.80 GHz (2 processors)
    • Memory available: 128 GB
    Technology requirements

    Run time: ~ 1 hour
    Reproduction instructions

    To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:

    1. Secure Access to Data: Access the datasets not included in the package. See the Datasets section for more details.
    2. Run the Package:
      • Update the working directory in line 19 of the do-file "00_master", and run it.

    Since all the original data cannot be redistributed, the package includes the outputs produced by the authors, which can be used to review the results presented in the paper.

    Data

    Datasets
    Name
    Household Consumption Expenditure Survey: 2023-24
    Note
    Data accessed in February 2026. Follow the instructions in the README to download the datasets. File location: data/raw/ces. Detailed list of files included in the README.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://microdata.gov.in/NADA/index.php/catalog/237/get-microdata
    Citation
    National Sample Survey Office (NSS), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). 2025. "Household Consumption Expenditure Survey: 2023-24" [dataset]. DDI-IND-MOSPI-NSS-HCES23-24. https://microdata.gov.in/NADA/index.php/catalog/237. Accessed February 2026.
    Name
    Poverty Estimation Pipeline Outputs (2011-12 and 2022-23)
    Note
    Five pre-existing Stata datasets produced by the reproducibility package for the 2011-12 and 2022-23 India poverty estimates (available at https://reproducibility.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/280), used as raw inputs in this pipeline. The file 02_master_datasets_create.do in that package produces: master_consumption_2022.dta, master_hh_2011.dta, master_hh_2022.dta, and master_item_list_2022.dta. The file 06_welfare_agg.do produces welfare_agg_2011_2022.dta (originally named welfare_agg_21.dta in reference to 2021 PPP; renamed here to avoid confusion with survey year). File location: data/raw/ces. Detailed list of files included in the README.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Modified BSD3
    License URL
    https://opensource.org/license/bsd-3-clause/
    Data URL
    https://reproducibility.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/280
    Citation
    Gonzalez Icaza, M. F., Devpura, N. P., Lestani, D., Liniado, J., Kochhar, N., Krishnan, N., Kumar, N., & Wambile, A. (2025). Reproducibility package for India: Trends In Poverty, 2011-12 To 2022-23. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.60572/J75A-3A61
    Name
    CPI Index Current Series (Base 2012)
    Note
    Data accessed in 2025. Covers January 2022 to May 2025. Downloaded from the Consumer Price Indices Warehouse, MoSPI, by selecting Time Series > Base 2012 > Current Series, with all states and all groups and subgroups selected, ordered by group. Once downloaded, the file was reshaped to long format so that each row represents a unique combination of state × month × year × subgroup, with separate entries for rural, urban, and combined index values. File location: data/raw/other/cpi_R_U_Jan2022_May2025.csv."
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://cpi.mospi.gov.in
    Citation
    Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). 2025. "CPI Index Current Series (Base 2012), January 2013 onwards" [dataset]. Consumer Price Indices Warehouse. https://cpi.mospi.gov.in/. Accessed 2025.
    Name
    Population Projections for India and States, 2011-2036
    Note
    Data accessed in 2025. Originally published in PDF format by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoFHW). The file contains two sheets: (1) MoH_pop_projections_original: an Excel conversion of the original PDF output tables; (2) stata_sheet: draws from Tables 8 and 9 of MoH_pop_projections_original, covering state-level population projections at urban, rural, and combined levels from 2011 to 2036, reformatted for use in Stata. File location: data/raw/other/Population_Projections_Health_Ministry.xlsx.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package
    Data URL
    https://nhm.gov.in/New_Updates_2018/Report_Population_Projection_2019.pdf
    Citation
    Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoFHW). 2019. "Population Projections for India and States, 2011–2036" [dataset]. National Health Mission. https://nhm.gov.in/New_Updates_2018/Report_Population_Projection_2019.pdf. Accessed 2025.
    Name
    Population Estimates and Projections
    Note
    Data accessed in 2025. Variables accessed: Rural population; Urban population. File location: data/raw/other/Population_Projections_WDI.xlsx
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
    License URL
    https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/legal/terms-of-use-for-datasets
    Data URL
    https://databank.worldbank.org/source/population-estimates-and-projections
    Citation
    World Bank. 2025. Population Estimates and Projections" [dataset]. Variables accessed: Rural population; Urban population. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/population-estimates-and-projections. Accessed 2025.
    Data statement

    All data sources are publicly available but not all are included in the reproducibility package.

    Description

    Output
    Type
    Flagships & Reports
    Title
    India’s Long-Term Poverty Trend, 2011-12 To 2023-24
    Description
    World Bank Reports & Flagships
    URL
    https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099042126035038379
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Diego Lestani World Bank dlestani@worldbank.org
    Nancy Puranbhai Devpura World Bank ndevpura@worldbank.org
    Maria Fernanda Gonzalez Icaza World Bank mgonzalezicaza@worldbank.org
    Nishtha Kochhar World Bank nkochhar@worldbank.org
    Nandini Krishnan World Bank nkrishnan@worldbank.org
    Utz Pape World Bank upape@worldbank.org
    Ayago Wambile World Bank awambile@worldbank.org
    Date of production

    2026-04-21

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    India IND

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    Modified BSD3 https://opensource.org/license/bsd-3-clause/

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Diego Lestani World Bank dlestani@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DECDI World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2026-04-21
    Document version

    1
    Back to Catalog