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PRWP

Reproducibility package for Why Don’t Jobseekers Search More? Barriers And Returns To Search On A Job Matching Platform

2026
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Reference ID
RR_PAK_2026_662
Author(s)
Kate Vyborny, Erica Field, Robert Garlick, Nivedhitha Subramanian
Collections
World Bank Policy Research Working Papers
Metadata
JSON
Created on
Jul 30, 2026
Last modified
Jul 30, 2026
Page views
8
Downloads
4
  • Project Description
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  • Overview

    Abstract

    Understanding specific barriers to job search and returns to relaxing these barriers is important for economists and policymakers. An experiment that changes the default process for initiating job applications increases applications by 600% on a search platform in Pakistan. Perhaps surprisingly, the marginal treatment-induced applications have approximately constant rather than decreasing returns. These results are consistent with a directed search model in which some jobseekers miss some high-return vacancies due to psychological costs of initiating applications. These findings show that small reductions in search costs can substantially improve search outcomes in environments with some relatively inactive jobseekers

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    Readme Get Reproducibility Package
    Link: https://reproducibility.worldbank.org/catalog/616/download/1841/README.pdf
    Reproducibility package for Why Don’t Jobseekers Search More? Barriers And Returns To Search On A Job Matching Platform
    File name
    RR_PAK_2026_662
    Zip package
    RR_PAK_2026_662.zip
    Title
    Reproducibility package for Why Don’t Jobseekers Search More? Barriers And Returns To Search On A Job Matching Platform
    Date
    2026-07
    Dependencies
    Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder.
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Stata
    Name
    Stata
    Version
    19.5 MP

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
    • Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz
    • Memory available: 32.0 GB

    Technology requirements

    Runtime: ~5.5 hours.

    Reproduction instructions

    The replication package starts from intermediary datasets and these are included in the package. The data originates from multiple survey instruments and administrative records collected progressively over the study period. Due to the complexity of integrating these data streams, the authors have provided semi-cleaned data as the starting point for replication. Semi-cleaning includes appending and merging multiple administrative and survey rounds, harmonizing variable names, cleaning inconsistent or invalid observations, recoding variables, generating identifiers and intermediate variables, applying variable labels, and conducting basic quality checks.

    To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:

    1. Secure Access to Data: Access the datasets not included in the package. See the Datasets section for more details.
    2. Run the Package:
    • Update the working directory in line 38 of the do-file 01_Masterdofile.do, and run it.

    Since not all the data is included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper.

    Data

    Datasets
    Pakistan Labor Force Survey
    Name
    Pakistan Labor Force Survey
    Note
    Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Year: 2018-19. File location: \Data\LFS 2018-19.dta.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Custom license
    License URL
    https://www.pbs.gov.pk/data-dissemination/
    Data URL
    https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/LFS-2018-19.zip
    Citation
    Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. (2019). Labour Force Survey 2018-19 [dataset]. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/LFS-2018-19.zip. Accessed 2018-2019.
    Job Jobseeker Data
    Name
    Job Jobseeker Data
    Note
    Source: Job Talash job-matching platform; data jointly owned by the World Bank, Center for Economic Research of Pakistan (CERP), and Duke University. Comprises five survey instruments: (1) Household Survey; (2) Subscriber Signup (Jobseeker Baseline) Survey; (3) Subscriber CV Information Updates Survey; (4) Jobseeker Application/Screener Survey; (5) Jobseeker Survey on On/Off-Platform Search Activity. Data provided are processed intermediary datasets. Full details are available in the README. Data were collected from October 2016 to September 2022. File location: "\Data". File names: HHlisting_long_anony.dta; JT_JA_signup_harmonized_se.dta; jaebs_prep.dta; JTupdates_JA_harmonized.dta; JT_JA_screener_appended.dta; CV_updates_highed_data; CV_updates_Highed_attempts.dta; CV_updates_Lowed_attempts.dta; CV_updates_Lowed_FS_attempts data; cv_updates_uniq_ID_list_he_2022_08_11_b5.csv; 20percent_prep.dta; 20percent_bonuscalls_prep.dta; 20percent_prep_attempt.dta; JT_followup_survey_rand.dta; JT_rand_preload_10percent_hybridmod.dta; all_optout.dta; JT_noid_updated.dta; JA_updated.dta; search_work_resp_ac.dta; jsfollowup_prep.dta.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
    License URL
    https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use
    Data URL
    https://microdatalib.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/20038
    Citation
    Vyborny, Kate, Robert Garlick, Nivedhitha Subramanian, and Erica Field. 2026. "Why Don't Jobseekers Search More? Barriers and Returns to Search on a Job Matching Platform 2016-2022." World Bank Microdata Library. Accessed July 23, 2026. https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8493.
    Firm Data
    Name
    Firm Data
    Note
    Source: Job Talash job-matching platform study; data jointly owned by the World Bank, Center for Economic Research of Pakistan (CERP), and Duke University. Comprises two survey instruments: (1) Firm Baseline and Ad-Listing Survey; (2) Firm Feedback Survey. Data provided are processed intermediary datasets. Full details are available in the README. Data were collected from May 2017 to September 2022. File location: "\Data". File names: FirmSurvey_nodup_anon_se.dta; FS_adlisting_anon_se.dta; FS_feedback_cleaned_anon_se.dta; FS_MidlineSurvey_feedback_cleaned.dta; FS_del_cleaned_unique_jobid.dta; FS_non_compliance_int_med.dta; FS_interview_med.dta; cv_tracking_batches.dta.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
    License URL
    https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use
    Data URL
    https://microdatalib.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/20038
    Citation
    Vyborny, Kate, Robert Garlick, Nivedhitha Subramanian, and Erica Field. 2026. "Why Don't Jobseekers Search More? Barriers and Returns to Search on a Job Matching Platform 2016-2022." World Bank Microdata Library. Accessed July 23, 2026. https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8493.
    Job Talash Administrative Data
    Name
    Job Talash Administrative Data
    Note
    Source: Job Talash job-matching platform study; administrative data jointly owned by the World Bank, Center for Economic Research of Pakistan (CERP), and Duke University. Contains jobseeker-vacancy pair matches generated by the platform algorithm based on jobseekers' profiles and preferences and firms' requirements. Includes the main treatment variable (phone call treatment). Data provided are processed intermediary datasets. Full details are available in the README. Access date: August 2017 – September 2022. File location: "\Data". File names: matches_JT_JA_consolidated.dta; matches_prep_se.dta.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
    License URL
    https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use
    Data URL
    https://microdatalib.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/20038
    Citation
    Vyborny, Kate, Robert Garlick, Nivedhitha Subramanian, and Erica Field. 2026. "Why Don't Jobseekers Search More? Barriers and Returns to Search on a Job Matching Platform 2016-2022." World Bank Microdata Library. Accessed July 23, 2026. https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8493.
    Job Talash Miscellaneous Auxiliary Datasets
    Name
    Job Talash Miscellaneous Auxiliary Datasets
    Note
    Source: Job Talash job-matching platform study; data jointly owned by the World Bank, Center for Economic Research of Pakistan (CERP), and Duke University. All data de-identified. Includes: (1) hypothetical jobseeker-vacancy matches holding fixed initial jobseeker occupational preferences, education, and experience; (2) CV quality scores from hiring managers for a subset of platform jobs; (3) call order data for screener survey rounds (March 2018 – February 2021); (4) CV information updates backend and eligibility datasets; (5) two additional rounds of jobseeker-vacancy matches beyond the analysis cutoff (October–November 2022). Data provided are processed intermediary datasets. Full details are available in the README. Access date: March 2018 – November 2022. File location: "\Data". File names: match_level_analysis_sensitivity.dta; FR_jobs_cv_scoring.dta; CC_jobs_cv_scoring.dta; post_sep2020_call_order.dta; pre_sep2020_call_order_recovered.dta; cv_updates_highed_data_25 Jun 2021.dta; cv_updates_highed_data_2020_11_30.dta; Updates_survey_var_JT.dta; match_level_oct2022.dta.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
    License URL
    https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use
    Data URL
    https://microdatalib.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/20038
    Citation
    Vyborny, Kate, Robert Garlick, Nivedhitha Subramanian, and Erica Field. 2026. "Why Don't Jobseekers Search More? Barriers and Returns to Search on a Job Matching Platform 2016-2022." World Bank Microdata Library. Accessed July 23, 2026. https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8493.
    Data statement

    All data sources are publicly available but not all are included in the reproducibility package.

    Description

    Output
    Why Don’t Jobseekers Search More? Barriers And Returns To Search On A Job Matching Platform
    Type
    Working Paper
    Title
    Why Don’t Jobseekers Search More? Barriers And Returns To Search On A Job Matching Platform
    Description
    Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Kate Vyborny World Bank kvyborny@worldbank.org
    Erica Field Duke University field.erica@duke.edu
    Robert Garlick Duke University robert.garlick@duke.edu
    Nivedhitha Subramanian Bates College niv.subramanian@gmail.com
    Date of production

    2026-07-23

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    Pakistan PAK

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    MIT License https://opensource.org/license/mit
    World Bank IGO Rider https://github.com/worldbank/metadata-editor/blob/main/WB-IGO-RIDER.md

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Kate Vyborny World Bank kvyborny@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DECDI World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2026-07-23

    Document version

    1

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