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Reproducibility package for Women’s Economic Empowerment In Bangladesh: An Evidence-Guided Toolkit For More Inclusive Policies

2026
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Reference ID
FR_BGD_2026_680
Author(s)
Katherine Helen Anne Vyborny, Pulkit Aggarwal, Kendal Marie Swanson, Viet Tuan Tran
Collections
Flagships and Reports
Metadata
JSON
Created on
Jun 08, 2026
Last modified
Jun 15, 2026
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  • Overview
  • Reproducibility Package
  • Description
  • Scope and coverage
  • Disclaimer
  • Access and rights
  • Contacts
  • Information on metadata

    • Overview

    Abstract

    This report provides an examination of gender disparities in economic empowerment in Bangladesh. It aims to shed light on the current state of gender inequality by analyzing rich microdata from multiple data sources, thereby fostering insights into women’s labor market outcomes (such as employment, earnings, hours worked) and factors affecting women’s economic empowerment (such as safety, mobility, asset ownership, digital inclusion, and financial inclusion). Based on the descriptive analysis of gender gaps, the report also identifies key constraints on women’s economic empowerment in Bangladesh and presents an evidence-guided policy toolkit to inform policies that promote gender equity and support inclusive, sustainable development in Bangladesh.

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    Get Reproducibility Package
    File name
    FR_BGD_2026_680
    Zip package
    FR_BGD_2026_680.zip
    Title
    Reproducibility package for Women’s Economic Empowerment In Bangladesh: An Evidence-Guided Toolkit For More Inclusive Policies
    Date
    2026-06
    Dependencies
    Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder.
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Name
    Stata
    Version
    19.5

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
    • Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8562Y+ 2.80 GHz (4 processors)
    • Memory available: 32.0 GB
    Technology requirements

    Run time: 2 hours
    Reproduction instructions

    To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:

    1. Secure Access to Data: Access the datasets not included in the package. See subsection Datasets for more details.
    2. Download and Place Data: Once the data is accessed, users should place it in the appropriate folder.
    3. Run the Package: After placing the data in the folder, open master.do, update the working directory in line 35 and run the code.

    Since all the data is not included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper.

    Data

    Datasets
    Name
    Labor Force Survey (LFS) 2005, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2022
    Note
    Source: World Bank Data was obtained from the World Bank Datalibweb platform (datalibweb2.worldbank.org/home) using the Stata package datalibweb. Access to data is restricted to World Bank staff using Bank-managed computers and is not available to external users.
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License URL
    https://github.com/worldbank/datalibweb
    Data URL
    https://datalibweb2.worldbank.org/home
    Citation
    World Bank. Labor Force Survey (LFS) 2005, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2022 [dataset].https://datalibweb2.worldbank.org/home
    Name
    Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2022
    Note
    Source: World Bank Data was obtained from the World Bank Datalibweb platform (datalibweb2.worldbank.org/home) using the Stata package datalibweb. Access to data is restricted to World Bank staff using Bank-managed computers and is not available to external users.
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License URL
    https://github.com/worldbank/datalibweb
    Data URL
    https://datalibweb2.worldbank.org/home
    Citation
    World Bank. Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2022 [dataset].https://datalibweb2.worldbank.org/home
    Name
    Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) 2018
    Note
    Source: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
    License URL
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
    Data URL
    https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/NXKLZJ
    Citation
    International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) "Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) 2018–2019" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/NXKLZJ
    Name
    Time Use Survey (TUS) 2021
    Note
    Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and UN Women Bangladesh
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Custom BBS/UN Women copyright
    Data URL
    https://data.unwomen.org/publications/bangladesh-time-use-survey-2021
    Citation
    Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and UN Women Bangladesh "Time Use Survey (TUS) 2021" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://data.unwomen.org/publications/bangladesh-time-use-survey-2021
    Name
    Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database 2017
    Note
    Source: World Bank
    Access policy
    Data access requires human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Public Use Files (PUFs)
    License URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/terms-of-use#public_use
    Data URL
    https://doi.org/10.48529/d3cf-fj47
    Citation
    Development Research Group, Finance and Private Sector Development Unit (World Bank). (2018). Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database 2017 [Dataset]. World Bank, Development Data Group. https://doi.org/10.48529/D3CF-FJ47
    Name
    Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database 2021
    Note
    Source: World Bank
    Access policy
    Data access requires human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Public Use Files (PUFs)
    License URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/terms-of-use#public_use
    Data URL
    https://doi.org/10.48529/JQ97-AJ70
    Citation
    Development Research Group, Finance and Private Sector Development Unit. (2022). Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database 2021 [Dataset]. World Bank, Development Data Group. https://doi.org/10.48529/JQ97-AJ70
    Name
    Bangladesh Standard Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2022
    Note
    Source: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Custom license
    License URL
    https://dhsprogram.com/data/Terms-of-Use.cfm
    Data URL
    https://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Bangladesh_Standard-DHS_2022.cfm?flag=1
    Citation
    United States Agency for International Development (USAID) "Bangladesh Standard Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2022" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Bangladesh_Standard-DHS_2022.cfm?flag=1
    Name
    Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019
    Note
    Source: UNICEF
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    The UNICEF Name and Emblem
    License URL
    https://www.unicef.org/legal#terms-of-use
    Data URL
    https://mics.unicef.org/surveys
    Citation
    UNICEF "Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://mics.unicef.org/surveys
    Name
    Bangladesh Individual Consumption Study (BICS)
    Note
    Source: World Bank Users interested in accessing the data may request access by contacting SAR GIL at sargenderlab@worldbank.org.
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Data is forthcoming in the World Bank Microdata Library
    Data URL
    Forthcoming at https://microdata.worldbank.org/
    Citation
    World Bank "Bangladesh Individual Consumption Study (BICS" [dataset]. Accessed 2024.
    Name
    Bangladesh World Values Survey (WVS) Cross-National Wave 7 (2017-2022)
    Note
    Source: World Values Survey (WVS) Association
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available but does not allow redistribution and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    WVS Conditions of Use
    License URL
    https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp
    Data URL
    https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp
    Citation
    World Values Survey (WVS) Association "Bangladesh World Values Survey (WVS) Cross-National Wave 7 (2017-2022)" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV7.jsp
    Name
    Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) 2023
    Note
    Source: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO
    License URL
    https://hdr.undp.org/terms-use
    Data URL
    https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/GSNI2023_AnnexTables2.xlsx
    Citation
    United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) "Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) 2023" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/publications/additional-files/2023-06/GSNI2023_AnnexTables2.xlsx
    Name
    Dhaka Low Income Area Gender, Inclusion, and Poverty Survey 2018
    Note
    Source: World Bank
    Access policy
    Data access requires human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Public Use Files (PUFs)
    License URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/terms-of-use#public_use
    Data URL
    https://doi.org/10.48529/GARE-AZ26
    Citation
    The World Bank Group. (2020). Dhaka Low Income Area Gender, Inclusion, and Poverty Survey 2018 [Dataset]. World Bank, Development Data Group. https://doi.org/10.48529/GARE-AZ26
    Name
    World Development Indicators
    Note
    Source: World Bank
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    License URL
    https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/legal/terms-of-use-for-datasets
    Data URL
    https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
    Citation
    World Bank. 2025. "World Development Indicators" [dataset]. Accessed 2024. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
    Name
    Mapped in Bangladesh (MiB)
    Note
    Source: The Centre for Entrepreneurship Development (CED)
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package
    Data URL
    https://mappedinbangladesh.org/
    Citation
    The Centre for Entrepreneurship Development (CED). "Mapped in Bangladesh (MiB)" [dataset]. Accessed 2023. https://mappedinbangladesh.org/
    Name
    Expert Survey on Policy Priorities for Women's Economic Empowerment 2025
    Note
    Source: World Bank
    Access policy
    Data access requires human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Public Use Files (PUFs)
    License URL
    https://microdata.worldbank.org/terms-of-use#public_use
    Data URL
    https://doi.org/10.48529/H3EA-HM15
    Citation
    World Bank Group. (2025). Expert Survey on Policy Priorities for Women's Economic Empowerment 2025 [Dataset]. World Bank, Development Data Group. https://doi.org/10.48529/H3EA-HM15
    Data statement

    Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.

    Description

    Output
    Title
    Women’s Economic Empowerment In Bangladesh: An Evidence-Guided Toolkit For More Inclusive Policies
    Description
    World Bank Reports & Flagships
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1596/43769
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Katherine Helen Anne Vyborny World Bank kvyborny@worldbank.org
    Pulkit Aggarwal World Bank paggarwal1@worldbank.org
    Kendal Marie Swanson World Bank kswanson@worldbank.org
    Viet Tuan Tran World Bank vtran8@worldbank.org
    Date of production

    2026-06-08

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    Bangladesh BGD
    Keywords
    Economic Empowerment Jobs Women Wee

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    MIT License https://opensource.org/license/mit
    World Bank IGO Rider https://github.com/worldbank/metadata-editor/blob/main/WB-IGO-RIDER.md

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Katherine Helen Anne Vyborny World Bank kvyborny@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DECDI World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2026-06-08
    Document version

    1
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