Reproducibility package for Public Externalities of Universal Health Care Access

Registro Individual de Prestación de Servicios de Salud (RIPS)

Files location: rips_data/rips_detailed_panel.csv. Migrant health-service encounters by municipality × month × document type × care type. rips_data/rips_colombian_panel.csv. Colombian citizens' service utilization by municipality × month × care type. rips_data/rips_disease_unified_panel.csv. RIPS diagnoses grouped into disease categories; used only for the chronic-care aggregate rips_dis_m.dta. Aggregated by agg_disease.py; the resulting non-confidential aggregate ships as usable data. Replicators should request to MinSalud for SISPRO cube access. The aggregated cubes are reachable at https://www.sispro.gov.co once credentials are issued; the municipality-by-month extracts we use are produced from those cubes. Contact: correo@minsalud.gov.co (official correspondence address). Acknowledgements are issued by notificaciones_sgdea@minsalud.gov.co. Alternative route: a derecho de petición under Article 23 of the Colombian Constitution and Law 1755 of 2015, sent to the same address. MinSalud returns a radicado number and must answer within fifteen business days. Replicators outside Colombia may need a Colombian host institution. Individual-level records are not released; the municipal aggregates used in this package are.

Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.

https://www.sispro.gov.co

Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (MinSalud). Registro Individual de Prestación de Servicios de Salud (RIPS), via SISPRO [dataset]. https://www.sispro.gov.co. Access date: 2026.

Estatuto Temporal de Protección para Migrantes Venezolanos (ETPV)

File location: ETPV_MunicipalityDATA.dta. ETPV registrations and PPT deliveries by municipality (the treatment measure). Replicators should access the PQRSDF portal: https://apps.migracioncolombia.gov.co/pqrs/home. Then, file the request as a derecho de petición de interés general. The portal issues a radicado immediately and the statutory window is fifteen business days. Replicators should also ask specifically for registrations and permits by DIVIPOLA municipality code and month. A request phrased by municipality name alone will return a name-keyed file, which cannot be merged safely because 67 Colombian municipality names are shared across departments.

Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.

Unidad Administrativa Especial Migración Colombia. ETPV registrations and PPT deliveries by municipality [dataset]. Unpublished administrative data. Access date: 2026.

Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones (PAI)

File location: PAI/pai_vacunacion_panel.dta. Vaccine doses applied and programmatic targets by municipality × year × vaccine. Replicators should request to MinSalud for SISPRO cube access. The aggregated cubes are reachable at https://www.sispro.gov.co once credentials are issued; the municipality-by-month extracts we use are produced from those cubes. Contact: correo@minsalud.gov.co (official correspondence address). Acknowledgements are issued by notificaciones_sgdea@minsalud.gov.co. Alternative route: a derecho de petición under Article 23 of the Colombian Constitution and Law 1755 of 2015, sent to the same address. MinSalud returns a radicado number and must answer within fifteen business days. Replicators outside Colombia may need a Colombian host institution. Individual-level records are not released; the municipal aggregates used in this package are.

Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.

https://www.sispro.gov.co

Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (MinSalud). Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones (PAI), PAIWEB via SISPRO [dataset]. https://www.sispro.gov.co. Access date: 2026.

Estadísticas Vitales (EEVV)

Files location: mortality/NO FETALES/nofetal*.dta, nofetal2021.csv. Catalogue entry "Estadísticas Vitales - Defunciones No Fetales", 2016 to 2024 evv_births/nacimientos_panel_municipio_mes.dta. DANE birth records, aggregated to municipality × month. Catalogue entry "Estadísticas Vitales - Nacimientos", annual files for 2016 to 2024. Individual birth records are collapsed to municipality of residence (cod_dpto_res, cod_mun_res) by month (anno, mes). The DANE microdata catalogue does not expose stable deep links to individual study pages; entries are reached by searching the catalogue and the study identifier changes between releases: https://microdatos.dane.gov.co

Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.

Public (Unrestricted)

https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/servicios-al-ciudadano/tramites/transparencia-y-acceso-a-la-informacion-publica/terminos-y-condiciones

https://microdatos.dane.gov.co

Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). Estadísticas Vitales (EEVV) [dataset]. www.dane.gov.co. Access date: 2026.

Proyecciones de población

Files location: population/DANE_proypoblacion_Mun_2020_2035.xlsx, population/DANE_retroproypoblacion_Mun_2005_2019.xlsx, population/DANE_pop_sexo_edad_Mun_2005_2019, population/DANE_pop_sexo_edad_Mun_2020_2035. Municipal population projections and retroprojections by age. The DANE microdata catalogue does not expose stable deep links to individual study pages; entries are reached by searching the catalogue and the study identifier changes between releases: : https://www.dane.gov.co , Demografía y Población, Proyecciones de Población, municipal series 2005 to 2019 (retroproyecciones) and 2020 to 2035.

Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.

Public (Unrestricted)

https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/servicios-al-ciudadano/tramites/transparencia-y-acceso-a-la-informacion-publica/terminos-y-condiciones

https://www.dane.gov.co

Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). Proyecciones y retroproyecciones de población municipal [dataset]. https://www.dane.gov.co. Access date: 2026.

Panel Municipal Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico

File location: cede/cede_master_panel.dta. Pre-shock municipal characteristics. CEDE distributes the panel as separate thematic modules, among them características generales, buen gobierno, educación, salud, agrícola, conflicto y violencia, and the fiscal series. The modules are merged on municipality code (codmpio) and year (ano) into one wide panel. Two bookkeeping variables survive from that merge and make it auditable: n_panels_present records how many source modules contributed to each municipality-year, and n_vars_nonmissing how many variables are populated. Replicators can access the data via: https://datoscede.uniandes.edu.co, Panel Municipal. Registration is required and free. File location: growth/Cleaning_PEP_colombia_adm2.dta. A municipality-by-year panel merging annual mean night-light density (light_mean, nl_meanyear*) with municipal revenue and expenditure aggregates (the y_* and g_* families, in levels, per capita and in logs) and baseline characteristics (poverty, NBI, Gini, urban share, population). This was assembled for the earlier PEP project, and it carries that project's treatment indicators (tpep, dtreatment, dtreat_post). The present paper uses the night-light and municipal fiscal series only, in the local-activity test reported in the mechanisms section.

Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.

CC0 1.0

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

https://datahub.uniandes.edu.co/dataverse/uniandes_proyectos-de-investigacion_panel-municipal-CEDE

Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico (CEDE), Universidad de los Andes. Panel Municipal CEDE [dataset]. https://datoscede.uniandes.edu.co. Access date: 2026.

Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH)

File location: growth/Cleaning_PEP_GEIH_adm2_2010_2024.dta. Labor-market cells built from the household survey. DANE, Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH), person-level microdata pooled 2010 to 2024 (https://microdatos.dane.gov.co , entry "Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares"), merged with municipal covariates drawn from CEDE and from VIIRS night lights. GEIH person records retaining the survey identifiers (directorio, secuencia_p, orden, hogar), the demographic and labour variables (employment, hours, formality, contract type, earnings, industry and occupation codes, country of birth), and the survey weight, with the municipality code (adm2_pcode) attached. Pre-period municipal covariates are merged on: 2009 GDP per capita, 2005 poverty and NBI, 2010 theft and homicide rates, baseline night lights, and the 2010 urban share. The treatment variables carried in the file (dtreatment, dpost, post_cont_*, and the percentile variants dtreatp5 through dtreatp75) were constructed for the earlier PEP regularization project from which this file comes. The present package does not use them. It uses the labour variables and the municipality identifier only. File location: growth/Cleaning_PEP_colombia_adm2.dta. A municipality-by-year panel merging annual mean night-light density (light_mean, nl_meanyear*) with municipal revenue and expenditure aggregates (the y_* and g_* families, in levels, per capita and in logs) and baseline characteristics (poverty, NBI, Gini, urban share, population). This was assembled for the earlier PEP project, and it carries that project's treatment indicators (tpep, dtreatment, dtreat_post). The present package uses the night-light and municipal fiscal series only, in the local-activity test reported in the mechanisms section. The DANE microdata catalogue does not expose stable deep links to individual study pages; entries are reached by searching the catalogue and the study identifier changes between releases: https://microdatos.dane.gov.co , "Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares", annual files 2010 to 2024.

Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.

Public (Unrestricted)

https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/servicios-al-ciudadano/tramites/transparencia-y-acceso-a-la-informacion-publica/terminos-y-condiciones

https://microdatos.dane.gov.co

Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH) [dataset]. https://www.dane.gov.co. Access date: 2026.

Global VIIRS Nighttime Lights

File location: growth/Cleaning_PEP_colombia_adm2.dta. A municipality-by-year panel merging annual mean night-light density (light_mean, nl_meanyear*) with municipal revenue and expenditure aggregates (the y_* and g_* families, in levels, per capita and in logs) and baseline characteristics (poverty, NBI, Gini, urban share, population). As with the GEIH file, this was assembled for the earlier PEP project, and it carries that project's treatment indicators (tpep, dtreatment, dtreat_post). The present package uses the night-light and municipal fiscal series only, in the local-activity test reported in the mechanisms section.

Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY 4.0)

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en

https://eogdata.mines.edu/products/vnl/

Elvidge, C. D., Zhizhin, M., Ghosh, T., Hsu, F.-C., & Taneja, J. (2021). Annual Time Series of Global VIIRS Nighttime Lights. Earth Observation Group, Payne Institute for Public Policy, Colorado School of Mines. https://eogdata.mines.edu/products/vnl/ . Accessed 2026.