Reproducibility package for Temperature Anomalies As An Obstacle To Women’s Rights And Economic Empowerment?
Overview
Gender equality is associated with economic growth and resilience, yet various factors, including climate change, may stall progress toward equal rights for men and women. This paper analyzes historical temperature and precipitation fluctuations within countries to assess their effect on legal gender equality, using data from the World Bank’s Women, Business and the Law dataset, which measures women’s rights across 190 economies and five decades. Findings reveal that temperature anomalies correlate with slower progress in legal gender equality, particularly in low-income countries. Irregular temperature fluctuations significantly delay the development of legal frameworks for parental leave, marriage, and mobility. Countries, particularly those with limited resources, seem less inclined to provide tangible benefits to women. This study emphasizes the complex relationship between extreme temperatures and women’s rights, highlighting the importance of addressing gender disparities to build more resilient societies, especially in the face of shifts in temperatures and weather patterns.
Reproducibility Package
| Repository name | URI |
|---|---|
| Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) | https://reproducibility.worldbank.org |
Reproducibility
Paper exhibits were reproduced on two computers with the following specifications:
- Computer 1
• OS: macOS Sequoia 15.1.1
• Processor: Apple M2
• Memory available: 16 GB
• Software version: Stata 16.0 MP - Computer 2
• OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
• Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1145G7 CPU @ 2.60GHz
• Memory available: 15.7 GB
• Software version: Stata 18.0 MP
~5 minutes run time.
To reproduce the findings in this paper, replicators need to:
- Obtain the accessible data and place it in the appropriate folder (see Data section).
- Update the path in the main do-file.
- Run the code.
One dataset cannot be redistributed, and this is regularly updated. As a result, users may not obtain identical results if they download the data directly. To ensure transparency, the results obtained by the replicators using the data provided by the authors are included in the package in the_outputfolder.
Data
All data sources are publicly available, but not all are included in the reproducibility package.
Description
| Author | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Daniela M. Behr | World Bank | dbehr@worldbank.org |
| Liang Shen | World Bank | lshen2@worldbank.org |
| Ana Maria Tribin Uribe | World Bank | atribinuribe@worldbank.org |
| Tea Trumbic | World Bank | ttrumbic@worldbank.org |
2025-08-13
Scope and coverage
| Location | Code |
|---|---|
| World | WLD |
Disclaimer
The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.
Access and rights
| Name | URI |
|---|---|
| Modified BSD3 | https://opensource.org/license/bsd-3-clause/ |
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Daniela M. Behr | World Bank | dbehr@worldbank.org |
| Reproducibility WBG | World Bank | reproducibility@worldbank.org |
Information on metadata
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reproducibility WBG | DECDI | World Bank - Development Impact Department | Verification and preparation of metadata |
2025-08-13
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