Reproducibility package for From Awareness To Action? Experimental Evidence On Challenges In Reducing School-Related Gender-Based Violence Through A Multi-Component Program In Zambia

School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) remains widespread in low- and middle income countries, yet rigorous evidence on effective prevention strategies is limited. This study evaluates the Empowerment Pilot, a multi-component program designed to address SRGBV in Zambian secondary schools. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we draw on quantitative data from a cluster randomized controlled trial involving over 4,467 students across 90 schools, alongside qualitative research. We find that violence is prevalent, gendered, and normalized in schools. While the program increased student discussions about violence, it did not reduce overall levels of violence. Implementation challenges and limited diffusion beyond club participants further limited program impact. The study highlights significant institutional and cultural barriers to reducing SRGBV and underscores the need for comprehensive, school-wide strategies that strengthen accountability and address underlying social norms perpetuating violence in resource-constrained contexts.