Infrastructure lies at the heart of development. Reliable energy systems, efficient transportation networks, and robust digital connectivity are essential for economic growth, job creation, social inclusion, and resilience. They connect people to employment clusters and markets, enable firms to compete and innovate, and allow societies to deliver basic services—from health and education to water and sanitation—at scale. Across much of the developing world, however, large gaps in infrastructure access and quality persist, even as fiscal space remains constrained and investment needs continue to grow. This report, Infrastructure Foundations: From Current Assets to Future Growth, responds to a fundamental policy challenge: how to make better infrastructure investment decisions when resources are scarce and the stakes are high. Governments and development partners face difficult trade-offs, because large unmet needs coexist with tight financing conditions and rising costs. In this context, improving the effectiveness and prioritization of infrastructure spending is as important as mobilizing additional resources.
| Repository name | URI |
|---|---|
| Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) | https://reproducibility.worldbank.org |
Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
• OS: Windows 11 Enterprise (Build 10.0.22631)
• Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum 8562Y+
• Memory available: ∼128 GB
Runtime: ~17 minutes
To run the code, a new user needs to:
Data section. .do, .R, and .ipynb) and run the scripts.Outputs so users can compare them against the published paper.Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.
| Author | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Xinxin Lyu | World Bank | xlyu@worldbank.org |
| Stephane Straub | World Bank | sstraub@worldbank.org |
| He He | World Bank | hhe2@worldbank.org |
| Yue Li | World Bank | yli7@worldbank.org |
| Jevgenijs Steinbuks | World Bank | jsteinbuks@worldbank.org |
| Estefania Vergara Cobos | World Bank | evergaracobos@worldbank.org |
| Manuel Garcia Santana | World Bank | mgarciasantana@worldbank.org |
| Harris Selod | World Bank | hselod@worldbank.org |
| Chris Dann | World Bank | cdann@worldbank.org |
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| Location | Code |
|---|---|
| World | WLD |
The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.
| Name | URI |
|---|---|
| MIT License | https://opensource.org/license/mit |
| World Bank IGO Rider | https://github.com/worldbank/metadata-editor/blob/main/WB-IGO-RIDER.md |
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Xinxin Lyu | World Bank | xlyu@worldbank.org |
| Reproducibility WBG | World Bank | reproducibility@worldbank.org |
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reproducibility WBG | DECDI | World Bank - Development Impact Department | Verification and preparation of metadata |
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