Reproducibility package for Fusing Data Sources To Measure Multidimensional Poverty
Overview
Multidimensional poverty metrics offer a more complete picture of poverty than monetary poverty, yet their adoption has been limited by data constraints. Often not all dimensions in a multidimensional measure are observed in the same survey, leading to countries being excluded from global measures. This study introduces a novel data fusion approach to estimate multidimensional poverty metrics by combining summary statistics from multiple data sources. The proposed method is validated by simulating typical missing data scenarios using 571 household surveys from 112 countries (1989–2024) to estimate the World Bank’s Multidimensional Poverty Measure. The fusion method accurately predicts various multidimensional poverty metrics across these scenarios, even in the presence of simulated sample bias reflecting differences in survey design. It enables estimates of multidimensional poverty for a greater number of countries, gap-filling in time series, and the inclusion of previously unavailable indicators and dimensions in global multidimensional poverty measures.
Reproducibility Package
| Repository name | URI |
|---|---|
| Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) | https://reproducibility.worldbank.org |
Reproducibility
Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
• OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
• Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz (2.90 GHz) (2 processors)
• Memory available: 16.0 GB
Run time: 13 hours
To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:
- Secure Access to Data: Access the datasets not included in the package. See the Datasets section for more details.
- Run the Package: Update the working directory in line 10 of the R file
main, and run it.
Since the original data cannot be redistributed, the package includes the outputs produced by the replicators, which can be used to review the results presented in the paper.
Data
All data is limited-access and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, refer to the README file.
Description
| Author | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Ben James Brunckhorst | World Bank Group | bbrunckhorst@worldbank.org |
| Minh Cong Nguyễn | World Bank Group | mnguyen3@worldbank.org |
| Nishant Yonzan | World Bank Group | nyonzan@worldbank.org |
| Hai-Anh Dang | World Bank Group | hdang@worldbank.org |
| Christoph Lakner | World Bank Group | clakner@worldbank.org |
2026-05-27
Scope and coverage
| Location | Code |
|---|---|
| World | WLD |
Disclaimer
The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.
Access and rights
| Name | URI |
|---|---|
| MIT License | https://opensource.org/license/mit |
| World Bank IGO Rider | https://github.com/worldbank/metadata-editor/blob/main/WB-IGO-RIDER.md |
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Ben James Brunckhorst | World Bank Group | bbrunckhorst@worldbank.org |
| Reproducibility WBG | World Bank | reproducibility@worldbank.org |
Information on metadata
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reproducibility WBG | DECDI | World Bank - Development Impact Department | Verification and preparation of metadata |
2026-05-27
1