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Reproducibility package for Improving Justice Delivery In Ethiopia: A 2025 Jupiter Assessment

2026
Reference ID
FR_ETH_2026_663
Author(s)
Sayed Madadi
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Flagships and Reports
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Created on
Jul 15, 2026
Last modified
Jul 28, 2026
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  • Overview
  • Reproducibility Package
  • Description
  • Scope and coverage
  • Disclaimer
  • Access and rights
  • Contacts
  • Information on metadata

    • Overview

    Abstract

    This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of Ethiopia's federal civil justice sector, drawing on administrative data from the Ethiopian Judiciary, a comprehensive review of Ethiopian laws, a national court user survey, and cross-country comparative data, and interviews and focus group discussions with nearly 200 stakeholders. Using the JUPITER Assessment framework, the analysis examines the performance of the Federal Courts across three key dimensions: Access, Efficiency, and Quality. The findings paint a complex picture of performance in the Ethiopian judiciary where the sustainability of good performance is challenged by limited consistent access across the country, staffing shortfalls, low quality of judgements, and limited availability of legal aid. Yet, digitalization is expanding and solutions are home-developed and affordable, the complementarity of customary justice and statutory courts is expanding effectively, and there is a strong political commitment for reforms. The paper situates Ethiopia's judicial performance within a regional comparative context, benchmarking key indicators against select African countries and global standards, and concludes with a discussion of potential policy interventions building on the ongoing reform efforts and taking into account Ethiopia's specific institutional and fiscal realities

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    File name
    RR_ETH_2026_663
    Zip package
    RR_ETH_2026_663.zip
    Title
    Reproducibility package for Improving Justice Delivery In Ethiopia: A 2025 Jupiter Assessment
    Date
    2026-07
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Name
    Excel
    Version
    Microsoft Excel for Microsoft 365 MSO

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced in a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 10 Enterprise
    • Processor: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz 2.90 GHz (2 processors)
    • Memory available: 32 GB
    • Software version: Microsoft Excel for Microsoft 365 MSO
    Technology requirements

    No other technology requirements
    Reproduction instructions

    To successfully reproduce the analysis provided in this package, users should follow the instructions in the README file and replicate the analysis using the Excel spreadsheets. Since no code is provided, all results were verified manually following the instructions in the README. Some of the data are restricted, so users will not be able to verify results in the "Confidential" folder.

    Data

    Datasets
    Name
    Ethiopian Judiciary Administrative Records (Caseload, Staffing, Budget, and Judicial Pay Data)
    Note
    This source underlies the following input files in the replication package: Confidential/Performance Analysis.xlsx (sheets: CASELOAD ANALYSIS), Confidential/Staffing Analysis.xlsx (sheets: Per Region and Court Level, Per Gender), Confidential/Judicial Pay Analysis.xlsx (sheet: Sheet 1). Figures reproduced from this source: 2.1–2.6, 2.8–2.13, 2.20. Access requires contacting the Ethiopian Judiciary directly for the specific court. Data from the Ethiopian Federal High Court, Federal Supreme Court, and Federal First Instance Court were provided by each court. Researchers seeking to reproduce these figures should contact the Ethiopian Judiciary directly at public.relations@fsc.gov.et or contact the Oromia Supreme Court for Oromia figures at sco@sco.gov.et
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners/managers. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    Citation
    Ethiopian Judiciary. 2025. "Ethiopian Judiciary Administrative Records (Caseload, Staffing, Budget, and Judicial Pay Data)" [dataset]. N/A. Accessed May 2026.
    Name
    Ethiopia Civil Justice Sector Survey — JUPITER Assessment
    Note
    Source: World Bank Underlying input file: Confidential/Ethiopia Civil Justice Sector Survey_JUPITER Assessment.xlsx (sheet: Survey Results). Figures reproduced from this source: 2.7, 2.15, 2.16, 2.18, 2.19, 2.24. Data is forthcoming in the World Bank Microdata Library. Users can contact Sayed Madadi at smadadi@worldbank.org.) for earlier access.
    Access policy
    Data is forthcoming in the World Bank Microdata library.
    Data URL
    Forthcoming https://microdata.worldbank.org/
    Citation
    World Bank 2025. "Ethiopia Civil Justice Sector Survey — JUPITER Assessment" [dataset]. Forthcoming at: https://microdata.worldbank.org. Accessed May 2026.
    Name
    Rule of Law Index - Civil Justice Factor Scores
    Note
    Source: World Justice Project (WJP) Indicator accessed: corruption in civil justice. To access the data, the "Download" button on the top right of the page was clicked, the "Dataset" option was selected, and the relevant figures were copied directly from the resulting Excel file (2025_wjp_rule_of_law_index_HISTORICAL_DATA_FILE). Underlying input file: Public/Comparative Civil Justice.xlsx (sheet: Fig 2.25). Figure reproduced: 2.25.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/factors/2025/Civil%20Justice
    Citation
    World Justice Project (WJP). 2025. "Rule of Law Index - Civil Justice Factor Scores" [dataset]. https://worldjusticeproject.org/rule-of-law-index/factors/2025/Civil%20Justice. Accessed May 2026.
    Name
    V-Dem Variable Graph - Judicial Independence Indicators
    Note
    Source: V-Dem (Varieties of Democracy) Institute. Variables accessed: independence of high courts and lower courts. Underlying input file: Public/Comparative Civil Justice.xlsx (sheet: Fig 2.26). Figure reproduced: 2.26.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://v-dem.net/data_analysis/VariableGraph/
    Citation
    V-Dem (Varieties of Democracy) Institute. 2005-2025. "V-Dem Variable Graph - Judicial Independence Indicators" [dataset]. https://v-dem.net/data_analysis/VariableGraph/. Accessed May 2026.
    Name
    Doing Business Project 2020
    Note
    Source: World Bank. Underlying input file: Public/Performance Analysis.xlsx (sheet: COURT AND ATTORNEY FEES). Figure reproduced: 2.17: The table in the file was then used to create a map that reflects the table.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available but not included in the reproducibility package due to file size constraints.
    Data URL
    https://archive.doingbusiness.org/en/reports/global-reports/doing-business-2020
    Citation
    World Bank, Doing Business Project. 2020. "Doing Business Project 2020" [dataset]. https://archive.doingbusiness.org/en/reports/global-reports/doing-business-2020. Accessed May 2026.
    Name
    Federal Government Budget Documents
    Note
    Source: Ethiopian Ministry of Finance. Underlying input file: Public/Budget Analysis.xlsx (sheet: Federal Courts Budget). Figures reproduced: 2.21 (federal judiciary budget 2018–2024) and 2.22 (recurrent expenses as a percentage of total expenditure).
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://www.mofed.gov.et/resources/budget/
    Citation
    Ethiopian Ministry of Finance. 2018-2024. "Federal Government Budget Documents" [dataset]. https://www.mofed.gov.et/resources/budget/. Accessed May 2026.
    Name
    Data on Judicial Budgets
    Note
    Source: World Bank. Underlying input file: Public/Budget Analysis.xlsx (sheet: Country Comparison). Figure reproduced: 2.23. Authors' compilation of data from the report.
    Access policy
    Data is publicly available and included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://documentsinternal.worldbank.org/search/34432877
    Citation
    World Bank. 2024. "Data on Judicial Budgets" [dataset]. https://documentsinternal.worldbank.org/search/34432877. Accessed May 2026.
    Data statement

    Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.

    Description

    Output
    Type
    Working Paper
    Title
    Improving Justice Delivery In Ethiopia: A 2025 Jupiter Assessment
    Description
    Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Sayed Madadi World Bank smadadi@worldbank.org
    Date of production

    2026-07-15

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    Ethiopia ETH
    Keywords
    Justice Access Judiciary Ethiopia

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    MIT License https://opensource.org/license/mit
    World Bank IGO Rider https://github.com/worldbank/metadata-editor/blob/main/WB-IGO-RIDER.md

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Sayed Madadi World Bank smadadi@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DECDI World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2026-07-15
    Document version

    1
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