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PRWP

Reproducibility package for Small Area Estimates Of Stunting For Ghana

2026
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Reference ID
RR_GHA_2026_713
DOI
https://doi.org/10.60572/d3hb-sz63
Author(s)
Laura Rodriguez Takeuchi, Kwame Adjei-Mantei
Collections
World Bank Policy Research Working Papers
Metadata
JSON
Created on
Aug 10, 2026
Last modified
Aug 17, 2026
Page views
12
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  • Overview
  • Reproducibility Package
  • Description
  • Scope and coverage
  • Disclaimer
  • Access and rights
  • Contacts
  • Information on metadata
  • Citation

    • Overview

    Abstract

    We develop district-level estimates of stunting for the 261 districts of Ghana using a Fey-Herriot small-area estimation (SAE) method. Data comes from the 2022 Ghana DHS survey, a nationally and regionally representative household survey, which is combined with auxiliary information from the 2021 Population and Housing Census and other publicly available datasets to produce modelled district-level estimates. While the general pattern of higher malnutrition in the north regions of the country prevails, the district-level estimates show high variation in stunting within regions. The level of geographical detail provided by the stunting maps can thus help improve policy interventions to tackle stunting in Ghana.

    Reproducibility Package

    Scripts
    Get Reproducibility Package
    File name
    RR_GHA_2026_713
    Zip package
    RR_GHA_2026_713.zip
    Title
    Reproducibility package for Small Area Estimates Of Stunting For Ghana
    Date
    2026-08
    Dependencies
    Stata dependencies are listed in the ado folder.
    Instructions
    See README in reproducibility package.
    Notes
    Computational reproducibility verified by Development Impact (DECDI) Analytics team, World Bank.
    Source code repository
    Repository name URI
    Reproducible Research Repository (World Bank) https://reproducibility.worldbank.org
    Software
    Name
    Stata
    Version
    19.5 MP

    Reproducibility

    Technology environment

    Paper exhibits were reproduced on a computer with the following specifications:
    • OS: Windows 11 Enterprise
    • Processor: INTEL(R) XEON(R) GOLD 6226R CPU @ 2.90GHz (2 processors)
    • Memory available: 16 GB
    Technology requirements

    The code takes approximately 15 minutes to run.
    Reproduction instructions

    To reproduce the findings in this paper, a replicator must:

    1. Secure Access to Data: Access the datasets not included in the package. See the Datasets section for more details.
    2. Run the Package: Update the working directory in line 13 of the do-file 0_master, and run it.

    Since not all the data is included, the package includes the results produced by replicators. These files can be used to review the results presented in the paper.

    Data

    Datasets
    Name
    Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 (DHS-8)
    Note
    Data accessed in April 2025 (DHS survey files) and August 2025 (district codes). DHS survey files located in DHS/2022 in the data folder. Publicly available DHS data does not contain district identifiers; these were confidentially sourced from Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) and are provided in dhs2022_districtcodes.xlsx (columns Cluster_number and region_code for merging; EACODE is the district identifier). To request district identifiers, email datarequest@statsghana.gov.gh. DHS data accessible via registration and request at https://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Ghana_Standard-DHS_2022.cfm?flag=0.
    Access policy
    Data access requires purchase or human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    DHS Program Terms of Use
    License URL
    https://dhsprogram.com/Data/terms-of-use.cfm
    Data URL
    https://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Ghana_Standard-DHS_2022.cfm?flag=0
    Citation
    Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) and ICF. 2024. "Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022" [dataset]. Accra, Ghana, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: GSS [Producers] and ICF [Distributor]. Accessed April 2025.
    Name
    Ghana Statistical Service – Census, Poverty, MPI, and Shapefiles
    Note
    Four datasets sourced from Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), all confidential and not publicly available. To request any of these datasets, email datarequest@statsghana.gov.gh. (1) 2021 Population and Housing Census, 10% sample representative at the district level (accessed April 2025). File location: $census/defactopopn_10%_20221011d. Request the 2021 PHC 10% district-level sample. (2) Ghana Poverty Maps 2023 small-area estimates (accessed March 2025). File location: $data/povertyTable.xlsx. Request 2023 poverty small-area estimates (Table of poverty estimates). (3) Ghana District Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), 2023, including variables hcount_4, m0_4, a_4, share_4 and district codes not available in the public Statsbank version (accessed January 2026). File location: $data/2021 MPI at region and District estimates_20230828.xlsx. Some aggregate data is publicly available at https://statsbank.statsghana.gov.gh/pxweb/en/Search%20Bar/Search%20Bar/MPI_by_locality.px/ but does not include district codes or the above variables. (4) Ghana Administrative Level 0-2 District Shapefiles (accessed November 2025). File locations: $data/Districts_261/District_261; $dhs/Ghana 2022 DHS - sdr_subnational_boundaries_2025-09-05/shps/sdr_subnational_boundaries.
    Access policy
    Data access was granted directly to the study authors by the data owners. It was obtained with a custom data license that does not allow for redistribution and it is not included in the reproducibility package.
    License
    Custom License
    Data URL
    https://statsbank.statsghana.gov.gh/
    Citation
    Ghana Statistical Service. 2021–2023. "Ghana Statistical Service Datasets" [dataset]. Includes: 2021 Population and Housing Census; Ghana Poverty Maps 2023; Multidimensional Poverty Metrics by Locality, District, and Region (2023); Ghana Administrative Level 0-2 Boundaries. Accessed 2025–2026.
    Name
    Ghana Project Targeting Index (PTI)
    Note
    Data accessed in August 2026. Accessible to World Bank staff via the intranet at https://datanalytics-int.worldbank.org/ghaPTI/ (without selecting anything, click Download PTI data). Not publicly available beyond the World Bank. File location: $data/PTI_data_Ghana.xlsx.
    Access policy
    Data access requires purchase or human approval and is not included in the reproducibility package.
    Data URL
    https://datanalytics-int.worldbank.org/ghaPTI/
    Citation
    World Bank. 2026. "Ghana Project Targeting Index" [dataset]. World Bank Group [Producers]. https://datanalytics-int.worldbank.org/ghaPTI/. Accessed August 2026.
    Data statement

    Some data is restricted and has not been included in the reproducibility package. For more details, please refer to the README file.

    Description

    Output
    Type
    Working Paper
    Title
    Small Area Estimates Of Stunting For Ghana
    Authors
    Laura Rodriguez Takeuchi, Kwame Adjei-Mantei
    Description
    Policy Research Working Papers (PRWP)
    Authors
    Author Affiliation Email
    Laura Rodriguez Takeuchi World Bank lrodrigueztak@worldbank.org
    Kwame Adjei-Mantei ISSER- University of Ghana kwamemantey@gmail.com
    Date of production

    2026-08-05

    Scope and coverage

    Geographic locations
    Location Code
    Ghana GHA
    Keywords
    Child Malnutrition Small Area Estimation Geographic Targeting Ghana Districts
    Topics
    ID Topic Parent topic ID Vocabulary Vocabulary URI
    I15 Health and Economic Development I1 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    I32 Measurement and Analysis of Poverty I3 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)
    R29 Other R2 Journal of Economic Literature (JEL)

    Disclaimer

    Disclaimer

    The materials in the reproducibility packages are distributed as they were prepared by the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this event do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, the Executive Directors of the World Bank, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the materials included in the reproducibility package.

    Access and rights

    License
    Name URI
    MIT License https://opensource.org/license/mit
    World Bank IGO Rider https://github.com/worldbank/metadata-editor/blob/main/WB-IGO-RIDER.md

    Contacts

    Contacts
    Name Affiliation Email
    Laura Rodriguez Takeuchi World Bank lrodrigueztak@worldbank.org
    Reproducibility WBG World Bank reproducibility@worldbank.org

    Information on metadata

    Producers
    Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
    Reproducibility WBG DECDI World Bank - Development Impact Department Verification and preparation of metadata
    Date of Production

    2026-08-05
    Document version

    1

    Citation

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